普通小麦光合速率、光合色素的遗传分析

普通小麦不同品种间旗叶光合速率、光合色素含量存在显著差异,它们属于数量性状遗传,受加性效应和非加性效应控制。F_1代杂种优势出现低于低亲、超过双亲均值、超高亲等多种类型。参试亲本的一般配合力和组合的特殊配合力效应都有明显差别。筛选高光效种质资源是可能的。根据亲本的表现及其配合力选配组合,有可能育出综合性状好的高光效新品种。

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATE AND PIGMENT OF COMMON WHEAT

There are significant differences in the photosynthetic rate and content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll (a+b) and carotenoid among the examined flag leaves of different wheat cultivars. All these are quantitative characters, and genetically controlled by both additive and nonadditive gene effects. The heterosises are rather varied in F_1 hybrids, including types of the weeker than low value parent, stronger over mean value of both parents and high value parent, and so on. Analysis of combining ability showed that the general combining abilities (GCA) of parents and specific combining abilities (SCA) of combinations are significantly different. Therefore, it is not only necessary but possible to screen high photosynthetic rate germplasm resources. At the basis of selecting parents according to their appearances and combining abilities for crossing, we could breed new wheat cultivars with ideal synthetic characters and high photosynthetic rate.