菌渣厌氧发酵制取沼气研究

以酒糟菌渣为原料,在实验室内利用自行设计的发酵装置进行了批次发酵试验,探讨了菌渣厌氧发酵的产沼潜力及影响因素,并在农户沼气池内进行了应用试验。结果表明:菌渣经过适当处理可实现高效发酵产出沼气,原料产气率可达0.133 m3/kg干物质,产气潜力约为秸秆的一半,但菌渣产沼气具有预处理方式简便、启动迅速等优点。菌渣产沼气的最佳参数为:将菌渣和牛粪以7∶3的配比(以干物重计)制作发酵原料,发酵原料、沼液、水以5∶3∶2的比例(按重量计)混合,堆沤预处理3~5 d后,投入发酵装置,添加10%的鸡粪沼液为接种物启动发酵。菌渣用于农户沼气池发酵产气可行,气温较高的季节可满足农户日常生活所需,应用时宜采取分批进料方式。

Study on Biogas Production by Anaerobic Fermentation of Fungi Residue

With vinasse fungi residue as the raw material , the batch fermentation experiments were car-ried out using fermentation device in laboratory .The methane production potential and influencing factors of fungi residue anaerobic fermentation were discussed , and the application experiments were carried out in rural household biogas digesters .The results showed that the fungi residue after proper treatment could achieve effi-cient fermentation to produce biogas;the raw material biogas rate could be up to 0.133 m3/kg of dry matter, and the biogas production potential was about half of that of straw .Using fungi residue to produce biogas had the advantages of simple pretreatment method and rapid start .The optimal parameters of using fungi residue to produce biogas were as follows .The raw fungi residue was mixed with cow dung at the ratio of 7∶3 （ dry weight） to produce the fermented material;the fermented material, biogas slurry and water were mixed at the ratio of 5∶3∶2 by weight;after pile of retting pretreatment for 3 ~5 days, and adding 10%of chicken manure biogas slurry , the fermentation started .Using fungi residue for household fermentation to produce biogas was feasible, which could meet the daily needs of household in the seasons with higher temperature ; the fed -batch manner should be adopted during the household application .