绿豆象在不同豆类上的生长发育及产卵选择性研究*

 在室内25℃恒温条件下，饲养观察了绿豆象［Callosobruchus chinensis（Linn）］对不同豆种的产卵选择性、产卵量、卵的孵化率、幼虫和成虫的生长发育历期。结果表明，供试的17种豆粒上绿豆象的着卵率均达80％以上，且不同豆种粒上产卵量差异显著（P＜0.01），卵在不同豆种上的孵化率间也存在显著差异（P＜0.05），卵孵化后，幼虫仅在蚕豆、绿豆、红皮豇豆、豌豆、黑豆、红小豆、大豆上可蛀入危害，蛀孔数分别为3.00±0.25,2.00±0.18,3.50±0.09,2.50±0.21,4.50±0.10,2.00±0.22,2.50±0.17蛀孔/豆，差异显著（P＜0.05）。在蚕豆、绿豆、红小豆、红皮豇豆、黑豆、大豆粒上的世代存活率分别为(0.63±0.12)%，(54.84±0.09)%，(44.40±0.08)%，(46.33±0.11)%，(66.88±0.10)%，(45.71±0.11)%，(21.59±0.21)%；雌虫的产卵期分别为(4.24±1.58)d，(5.10±0.22)d，(5.40±0.26)d，(5.21±1.25)d，(5.30±0.38)d，(4.63±0.41)d和(4.30±0.80)d，差异不显著（P＞0.05），卵历期分别为(5.01±0.15)d，(4.30±0.05)d，(4.10±0.08)d，(5.10±0.18)d，(4.30±0.07)d，(4.20±0.14)d及(4.51±0.16)d，差异不显著（P＞0.05）；幼虫的平均历期分别为(33.40±4.85)d，(31.60±1.78)d，(28.22±3.56)d，(30.91±2.49)d，(27.30±1.98)d，(29.50±1.93)d及(36.70±4.97)d，差异显著（P＜0.05）。不同豆种上绿豆象雄虫寿命间差异不显著（P＞0.05），而雌虫寿命差异显著（P＞0.05）。

Study on the Influence of Legume Varieties on the Growth and Oviposition Preference of Callosobruchus chinensis（L）

The influence of the legume varieties on the oviposition preference，growth and development of Callosobruchus chinensis（L）was studied in laboratory under the temperature of 25℃All the 17 legume varieties were planted in Yunnan provinceThe adult of the Cchinensis showed a preference of legumes for oviposition in 17 varieties of bean seeds，significant difference was found among the oviposition seeds in the 17 varieties（P＜0.01），and the adult of Cchinensis oviposited for more than 80%of the seedsThe hatchability was significantly different in the different varieties（P＜0.05），the larvae only could feed on the following 7 varieties，including Vicia faba，Vigna radiate，Vigna sinensis，Pisum sativum，Vigna mungo，Vigna angularis，and Glymine max，and the average puncture hole numbers were 3.00±0.25,2.00±0.18,3.50±0.09,2.50±0.21,4.50±0.10,2.00±0.22,250±017 seed on them，respectively，and with significant difference（P＜0.05）.The survival rates on V.faba，V.radiate，V.angularis，V.sinensis，P.sativum，V.mungoand G. maxwere (0.63±0.12)%，(54.84±0.09)%，(44.40±0.08)%，(46.33±0.11)%，(66.88±0.10)%，(45.71±0.11)%，(21.59±0.21)%，respectivelyThe duration of oviposition was (4.24±1.58)d，(5.10±0.22)d，(5.40±0.26)d，(5.21±1.25)d，(5.30±0.38)d，(4.63±0.41)d and (4.30±0.80)d，and with no significant difference（F=2.03，P＞0.05）.The duration of the egg was (5.01±0.15)d，(4.30±0.05)d，(4.10±0.08)d，(5.10±0.18)d，(4.30±0.07)d，(4.20±0.14)d，(4.51±0.16)d，and with no significant difference（F=3.82，P＞0.05）The average duration of the larvae was (33.40±4.85)d，(31.60±1.78)d，(28.22±3.56)d，(30.91±2.49)d，(27.30±1.98)d，(29.50±1.93)d，and (36.70±4.97)d，with no significant difference（P＜0.05）the longevity of the male adults showed no significant different among the different varieties of legumes（P＞0.05），but significant difference was found for the longevity of females（P＞0.05）.