产业集聚对生猪养殖生产效率的影响——以全国生猪主产省(区、市)为例

以中国规模生猪养殖为研究对象,测算中国24个省(区、市)大、中、小规模生猪养殖生产效率以及生猪产业集聚程度,并通过面板Tobit模型考察产业集聚程度与生猪养殖生产效率的关系。研究表明:2005—2018年大规模生猪养殖生产效率逐年下降,中小规模生产效率缓慢上升;南方地区产业集聚程度普遍高于北方地区;产业集聚程度与中小规模生猪养殖生产效率关系呈"倒U型",但与大规模生猪养殖生产效率负相关。建议降低产业集聚中大规模生猪养殖比重,着力推动中小规模生猪养殖适度集聚,并引导南方生猪养殖业向北方转移、增强饲料工业基础、大力发展种猪业以提高生猪养殖生产效率。

Effects of Industrial Agglomeration on Production Efficiency of Pig Breeding: Take Major Hog Producing Provinces(Autonomous Regions and Municipalities) as An Example

Taking large-scale pig farming in China as the research object, the production efficiency of large, medium and small scale pig farming and the degree of pig industry agglomeration in 24 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)of China were measured, and the relationship between industrial agglomeration and production efficiency of pig farming was investigated by panel Tobit model. The results showed that the production efficiency of large-scale pig breeding decreased year by year from 2005 to 2018, while the production efficiency of small and medium-sized pig breeding increased slowly. The degree of industrial agglomeration in southern China is generally higher than that in northern China. The relationship between industrial agglomeration and technical efficiency of small and medium-sized pig breeding is “inverted U shape”, but it is negatively correlated with production efficiency of large-scale pig breeding. It is suggested to reduce the proportion of large-scale pig breeding in industrial agglomeration, promote moderate concentration of small and medium-sized pig breeding, guide the southern pig breeding industry to move to the north, strengthen the feed industry foundation, and vigorously develop breeding pig industry to improve the production efficiency of pig breeding.