福安水牛线粒体DNA Dloop区遗传多样性分析*

 采用PCR产物直接测序的方法对20头福安水牛的线粒体DNA（mtDNA）D LOOP区全序列进行了测定，并对所得数据进行了比对和分析。结果共检测到16种单倍型，48个核苷酸多态位点，其中单一变异位点9个，简约信息位点39个。在所分析的序列中，T，C，A和G的平均含量分别为27.9%，25.6%，31.9%和14.6%，核苷酸多样度为0.01946±0.00288，单倍型多样度为0.957±0.032，序列间平均核苷酸差异数是17.238，结果显示福安水牛线粒体DNA遗传多样性丰富。系统发育和遗传距离分析显示：福安水牛与河流型水牛存在较大差异，其自身聚为支持率极高的两大支，即世系A和世系B，揭示福安水牛存在两个母系血统来源。

Genetic Diversity on mtDNA D-loop Region of Fu'an Buffalo

In this study, the D loop region sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of 20 Fuan buffalo samples were determined by direct sequencing of PCR product. The sequences were aligned and analyzed to investigate the genetic variation and genetic divergence within Fuan buffalo population. Sixteen mitochondrial haplotypes and 48 polymorphic sites included 9 singleton polymorphic sites and 39 parsimony informative sites were detected. The average percentage values of base composition of T, C, A and G were 27.9%, 25.6%, 31.9% and 14.6%, respectively. The nucleotide diversity, haplotype diversity and the average number of nucleotide differences within the population were 0.01946±0.00288, 0.957±0.032 and 17.238, respectively. The results indicated there were rich variations in Fuan buffalo population. Genetic distance and phylogenetic analysis showed that there was remarkable genetic divergence between Fuan buffalo and river buffalo, and Fuan buffalo composed of two lineages, viz. lineage A and lineage B. This indicated that there might be two maternal origins for Fuan buffalo.