番茄育种品系的果实品质遗传分析

 对2个太空番茄品系YH02-2,YH02-6及系统选育的5个番茄品系YH02-1,YH02-3,YH02-4,YH02-5,YH02-7的果实品质性状及遗传参数进行研究比较分析。7个品系根据Charles.M.Rick(1976,1979)的分类,同属于普通番茄种（Lycopersicon esculentum Mill）,YH02-2,YH02-3,YH02-4属栽培型亚种（L.esculentum ssp.cultum Brezh）的普通番茄变种（L.esculentum var.vulgare）;YH02-1,YH02-5 YH02-6,YH02-7属半栽培型亚种（L.esculentum ssp.subspontadeum）的樱桃形番茄变种（L.esculentum var.cerasiforme）。结果表明7个品系均在维生素C含量、有机酸含量、可溶性固形物含量（TSS）、糖酸比4个品质性状上差异显著,遗传变异系数较大,2个太空番茄品系YH02-2,YH02-6在维生素C含量、可溶性固形物含量上均显著或极显著高于同变种的其他品系,YH02-6在维生素C,可溶性固形物含量上高于其它樱桃形番茄品系（L.esculentum var.cerasiforme）平均水平50.3%,32.8%; YH02-2在维生素C,可溶性固形物含量上高于对照普通番茄品系(L.esculentum var.vulgare)YH02-4的36.7%,44.3%. 广义遗传力以维生素C和可溶性固形物含量的较高,4个品质性状间存在不同程度的相关性;樱桃形番茄品系（L.esculentum var.cerasiforme）品质优良,维生素C,有机酸、可溶性固形物、糖酸比分别为24.86%～35.5 mg/100 g,0.44％～0.56％,4.75～7.37％,8.58～16.92;普通番茄品系(L.esculentum var.vulgare)表现较好,分别为14.96～20.45 mg/100 g,0.28％～0.40％,3.75％～5.65％,9.58～20.18;从品质分析上看,樱桃形品系是很好的育种材料。

The Genetic Analysis of Quality of Fruit of 7 Tomato Breeding Lines

This paper purposed to carry on the variety test of 7 lines of tomato （YH02-1,YH02-2,YH02-3,YH02-4,YH02-5,YH02-6 and YH02-7), study the quality traits of their fruits and analyse the genetic parameters. According to Charles.M.Rick's classification(1976,1979),these 7 lines belong to Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. YH02-2, YH02-3, YH02-4 belong to L.esculentum var.vulgare of L.esculentum ssp.cultum Brezh and YH02-1, YH02-6, YH02-7 belong to L.esculentum var.cerasiforme of L.esculentum ssp.subspontadeum. The results showed that the diversity of them was remarkable and the coefficients of genetic variances were high, including 4 quality traits: vitamin C, organic acid, total soluable solids （TSS）and ratio of sugar-acid. The contents of vitamin C and TSS of the two space-travelled lines(YH02-2 and YH02-6) are remarkably higher than the other lines of a kind respectively. The contents of vitamin C and TSS of YH02-6 rose by 50.3% and 32.8% respectively, compared with the other 3 lines of L.esculentum var.cerasiforme, and the contents of vitamin C and TSS of YH02-2 rose by 36.7% and 44.2% respectively, compared with YH02-4(CK). Besides, the general heritabilities of 2 qualiy traits （vitamin C and TSS ）are relatively high and there are different correlations between every 2 trairs of 4 quality traits.In conclusion, L.esculentum var.cerasiforme is in the first place, whose vitamin C, organic acid, total soluable solids（TSS） and ratio of sugar-acid is 24.86～35.5 mg/(100 g), 0.44％～0.56%, 4.75％～7.37% and 8.58-16.92 respectively. L.esculentum var.vulgare is in the second place, whose vitamin C, organic acid, total soluable solids（TSS） and ratio of sugar-acid is 14.96～20.45 mg/(100 g), 0.28％～0.40%, 3.75％～5.65%, 9.58～20.18 respectively. AS far as the quality traits are concerned, the lines of L.esculentum var.cerasiforme are better breeding materials.