玉溪湿地水生植物群落及伴生种初步研究

 2009年3—12月，对玉溪市抚仙湖、星云湖等湖滨带及人工湿地水生植物群落多样性及伴生种进行了实地调查，初步分析了玉溪市水生植物群落结构、分布规律。结果表明，玉溪市水生植物物种丰富，种群的组成以多年生草本植物为主，主要分布有狐尾藻群落（Com. Myriophyllum verticillatum）、凤眼莲群落（Com. Eichhornia crassipes）、芦苇群落（Com. Phragmites australis）、荷花群落（Com. Nelumbo nucifera）、旱伞草群落（Com. Cyperus alternifolius）等26个优势群落。其中，沉水植物群落类型主要有黑藻+金鱼藻+苦草群落（Com. Hydrilla verticillata+Ceratophyllum demersum+Vallisneria natans）、狐尾藻群落（Com. Myriophyllum verticillatum）等5种，浮水植物群落主要有凤眼莲群落(Com. Eichhornia crassipes)、睡莲群落(Com. Nymphaea tetragona)等4个，挺水植物群落类型主要有芦苇群落（Com. Phragmites australis）、茭草群落（Com. Zizania caduuciflora）、再力花群落（Com. Thalia dealbata）等12个，湿生植物群落类型主要有芦苇+篁竹草群落（Com. Phragmites australis+Pennisetum hydridum）、美人蕉群落（Com. Canna indica）等5个，常见的伴生种有54种。同时，明确了水生植物群落分布特点、群落盖度、生物量与分布面积。本次调查为恢复或构建湿地及城市滨水工程中水生植被物种的选择、群落合理配置和构建指标的确立等提供了科学依据。

Preliminary Study on Yuxi Wetland Aaquatic Vegetation and its Companion Species

The diversity of aquatic plants species and its companion species in Fuxian Lake, Xingyun Lake and man made wetland in Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, was investigated, and the aquatic plants species, regularities of distribution and its companion species were analyzed. The results showed that the aquatic plants species in Yuxi were mainly composed with perennial herb and contained 26 dominant species, such as reed community, lotus community, Cyperus alternifoliuscommunity and so on. There were 5 species of submerged plants that contained Hydrilla, hornwort, eel grass community and watermifoil community, 4 species of floating plants that contained water hyacinth community and water lily community, 12 species of emergent aquatic plants that contained reed community,  Zizania caduuciflora community and powdery Thallacommunity, etc, 5 species of hygrophytes that contained reed，kinggrass and canna communities and there were 54 companion species in common. Furthermore, the distribution characteristics, community coverage, biomass and distribution area of aquatic plants species were explicitly known. The results provide scientific basis  for restoring, establishing wetland, the urban waterfront region, the establishment of rational species distribution and establishing construction index