以色列野生二粒小麦和光稃野燕麦杂交亲本与后代核型分析

 对以色列野生二粒小麦（母本）和光稃野燕麦（父本）远缘杂交亲本与后代的核型及进化关系进行了分析。结果表明：母本的染色体长度比为1626，核型公式为2n=4x=28=18m（2SAT）+10sm（2SAT），核型为1A。父本的染色体长度比为2526，核型公式为2n=6x=42=20m（2SAT）+22sm（4SAT），核型类型为2B。以色列野生二粒小麦和光稃野燕麦杂交后代0878株系的染色体数目为42，染色体长度比为1.802,核型公式为2n=6x=42=22m（2SAT）+20sm（2SAT），核型为2A。 0878-1株系的染色体数目为42，染色体长度比为2.057,核型公式为2n=6x=42=38m+4sm（4SAT），核型为2B。由于光稃野燕麦遗传物质渗入到该杂交后代，获得了进化程度高于其母本的普通小麦型小麦新种质。

Karyotype Analysis of the Parents and Progenies from the Wide Cross=Israel Wild Emmer Wheat×=Avena fatua= L. var. =glabrata= Pat

The karyotype and evolutional relationship of wild emmer wheat from Israel (female parent), Avena fatua Lvar glabrata pat (male parent) and their offsprings were analyzed in the present study. The maternal chromosome length ratio was 1.626, its karyotype formula was 2n=4x=28=18m（2SAT）+10sm（2SAT），and belonged to the type 1A. The paternal chromosome length ratio was 2.526, its karyotype formula was 2n=6x=42=20m（2SAT）+22sm（4SAT）, and attributed to the type 2B. The chromosome number of the line 0878 was 42, its chromosome length ratio was 1.802, its karyotype formula was 2n=6x=42=22m（2SAT）+20sm（2SAT）, and pertained to the type 2A. The chromosome number of the line 0878-1 was 42, its chromosome length ratio was 2.057, and its karyotype formula was 2n=6x=42=38m+4sm（4SAT）, classified to the type 2B.  A new wheat germplasm, more evolutive than its female parent, was achieved due to chromatin introgression of A. fatua Lvarglabratapat.