不同施氮水平下节杆菌菌剂对烟叶品质的影响*

 应用微生物降低烟叶中烟碱含量是降低烟叶有害物质的重要途径之一。通过对150kg/hm ²和105kg/hm2施氮水平下，在烟叶初烤前施用节杆菌处理烟叶，并进行常规化学成分分析、烟气分析、致香物质、感官质量评吸检测。结果表明，菌剂处理后烟叶的烟碱量低于清水处理的样品，且上部烟的处理效果略好于中部烟；烟叶的总糖和还原糖的变化则没有规律；烟气焦油含量低于或与清水处理后的相当。150kg/hm2施氮处理并使用菌剂的上部桔黄三级烟叶胡萝卜素类含量最高，而苯丙氨酸类和棕色化合物含量最低，西柏烷类化合物含量处于中间水平。评吸结果与致香物质分析结果一致，菌剂处理的上部桔黄三级烟叶香气量、浓度较高，香韵较好，杂气较轻，劲头比清水处理的略低；而清水处理（对照）的劲头略大，略有杂气。总之，节杆菌菌剂处理可降低烟叶中烟碱含量，增加烟叶中致香成分含量，改善烟叶的品质。

Effect of Arthrobacter Agent on Tobacco Quality Under Different Nitrogen Levels

Reducing nicotine in tobacco leaves by using microorganisms is becoming one of important methods to reduce harmful components in tobacco leaves. In this study, Arthrobacter agents was sprayed on tobacco leaves after harvest which was planted under two different nitrogen levels, and its effect on nicotine and aromatic components in leaves were examined. Results showed that concentrate of nicotine in treatment with Arthrobacter agent was lower than that in treatment with water, and it is lower in upper leaves than in middle leaves. No rule was observed about the total sugar and reduced sugar in leaves. Tar amount in tabacco gas in treatment with Arthrobacter agent is lower or same to the treatment with water. Carotenoids concentrate in upper leaves B3F sprayed with Arthrobacter agent under the condition with higher nitrogen application at 150 kg/hm2 was the highest among all treatments. Concentrates of Phenylalanine like components and carotenoids in B3F were lowest among all treatments, but the concentrate of cembra alkane was in the middle level. The smoking quality is correlated with the tobacco aroma components. Smoking quality of B3F with the application of 150 kg/hm2 was better than other treatments. In a conclusion, the application of Arthrobacter agent could reduce tobacco nicotine, raised the concentrate of aroma components and improved tobacco leaves quality.