云南屏边大围山微型鸡遗传多样性*

 云南屏边大围山微型鸡是我国具有独特遗传特性的、属于亚热带热带型早熟地方家禽品种。研究采用了33个家鸡特异性的微卫星标记对该鸡种自然群体中30个个体进行了多态性电泳检测，目的在于阐明其群体遗传变异和遗传结构状况。研究结果显示：33个微卫星座位共检测到65个等位基因，每个座位的等位基因数在1～3个之间，这些等位基因的频率大小在0.0333～1.000之间，平均每个座位的等位基因数为1.9697个，有效等位基因数在100～263个之间, 平均有效等位基因数为1.6846。群体平均杂合度（H）和群体平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0.1737和0.3279。结果表明，大围山微型鸡群体平均杂合度和群体平均多态信息含量较低，纯合度较高，未受到其它外来血液的混杂，是一个封闭的原始群体，具有较高的遗传一致性

Genetic Diversity of Daweishan Mini Chickens Based on Microsatellite Markers

Daweishan Mini chicken is unique chicken breed in China, which distributes in the tropic and sub tropic zone in Pingbian county of Yunnan Province. In order to assess its genetic variability and population structure further，33 chicken specific microsatellite loci were analyzed for a total of 30 individuals from small remote villages by using polyacrylaminde gel electrophoresis． A total of 65 alleles were detected across the 33 loci assayed． The number of alleles varied from 1 to 3，giving a mean number of 1.9697 alleles per locus．The number of effective alleles ranged from 1.00 to 2.63 and the mean of number of effective alleles was 1.6846for per locus. The average heterozygosity and polymorphism information content of 33 microsatellite loci were 0.1737and 0.3279． The results indicate that Daweishan Mini chicken has low heterozygosity and polymorphism information content and high homozygosity. They are a containing primitive chicken breed without hybrid with other breed and showed high genetic consistency.