迪庆马铃薯肥料效应与优化施肥研究*

 应用三因素五水平二次正交旋转组合设计，研究氮、磷、钾肥不同用量和配比对迪庆马铃薯的产量效应，并建立氮、磷、钾施用量与马铃薯产量关系的肥料效应函数模型，以确定迪庆马铃薯的优化施肥量。结果表明，马铃薯最高产量达34147kg/hm ²，施肥量分别是240kg/hm² N， 150kg/hm² P₂O ₅和480kg/hm ² K ₂O；最佳经济产量为34070kg/hm ²，施肥量分别是240kg/hm ² N， 150kg/hm ² P ₂O ₅和420kg/hm ² K₂O；最佳利润产量为28 246kg/hm ²，施肥量分别是60kg/hm ² N， 30kg/hm ² P₂O ₅和120kg/hm ² K ₂O。

Fertilizers Response Model and Optimal Fertilizer Rates for Potato (Solanum tuberosumL. ) Production in Diqing

Optimal fertilizer rate based on a fertilizer response model is an important component in the best nutrient management system. Field trials, which consisted of 3-factors (N, P and K) and 5-levels, in an orthogonal rotational combination design，were conducted in Diqing, Yunnan province, to study the effect of different N, P, and K fertilizer rates and ratio on tuber yield in potato, Solanum tuberosum L.production,. The fertilizer response models were established based on the regression equations of N, P, and K fertilization effect on the tuber yield to tested fertilizer rates, from which the optimal fertilization rates were determined. The results indicated that the fertilization rates for the highest yield (34147kg/hm ²) were kg/hm² N， 150kg/hm² P₂O ₅Pand 480kg/hm ² K ₂O; the economic optimal yield was 34070kg/hm ²and the optimal fer tilizer rates for economic yield were 240kg/hm ² N，150kg/hm ² P ₂O ₅and 420kg/hm² K₂O; the optimal fertilizer rates for maximum profit were 60kg/hm² N，30kg/hm2 P₂O₅ and 120kg/hm² K₂O.