蠡湖4种鲌鱼形态特征的比较研究

 采集并测量了蠡湖水域173尾鲌鱼样本的8个常规形态指标和18个框架形态指标。运用多变量形态度量法，根据25个标准化形态性状对4种鲌鱼的形态特征进行了比较研究。方差分析结果显示各种类形态性状间均存在着显著差异（P<005）。翘嘴鲌（Culter alburnus）和蒙古鲌（C.mongolicus）形态特征最接近，蒙古鲌和红鳍原鲌（Cultrichthys erythropterus）差异最大。主成分分析共析出5个主成分，累计贡献率为7086%。通过逐步判别法建立了4种鲌鱼的判别方程，综合判别率为100%。结果表明达氏鲌（C.dabryi）和蒙古鲌的形态差异主要表现在背鳍后区，而它们与翘嘴鲌及红鳍原鲌的差异则集中于头部至背鳍区。

Comparative Study on the Morphological Characteristics of Four Species of Culter and Culterichthys in Lihu Lake

Total 173 samples of four culterinae species were collected from Lihu Lake in December 2009, and eight general morphological characters as well as eighteen frame morphological characters were measured. After the variance analysis of 25 standardized morphological characters, it could be found that there were significant morphological variations during Culter alburnus, C.dabryi, C.mongolicus and Cultrichthys erythropterus (P<0.05), so three multivariate analysis methods based on these characters were used to comparably investigate the morphological variation of aforesaid species. By the cluster analysis, it showed the highest morphological similarity between C.alburnus and C.mongolicus, contrasted with the lowest between C.mongolicus and C.erythropterus. In the principal component analysis, five principal components with the cumulative contribution ratio of 70.86% were constructed. After this, four discrimination functions were established by means of stepwise discrimination method, with the general prediction accuracy of 100%. It could also be found that the morphological variation between C.dabryi and C.mongolicus mainly showed in the area between dorsal fin and caudal fin，while the variation during both of them and the other two species were concentrated in the area between head and dorsal fin.