两次全国污染源普查结果对比分析

本文基于全国第一次和第二次污染源普查结果，分析了我国十年来（2007年至2017年）各类污染物的排放、污染物处理设施的发展状况以及对污染物的消减情况。全国第二次污染普查（后简称“二污普”）较全国第一次污染源普查（后简称“一污普”）相比，主要水体污染物（化学需氧量、氨氮、总氮、总磷、重金属和石油类）的排放量分别减少29.2%、44.3%、35.7%、25.5%、79.8%与99.0%；大气污染物（二氧化硫）排放量减少70.0%；一般工业固体废物倾倒丢弃量减少96.8%，但危险废物的产生量了增加43.9%，因利用和处理量小于产生量，导致有大量危险废物堆积。总体而言，我国污染防治整体取得显著成就。在此基础上，应依据目前污染源普查结果采取科学合理的污染物防控措施，进一步推动工农业绿色持续发展。

Comparative analysis of the two National Pollution Source Census in China

Based on the first and second Pollution Source Census, this paper analyzed the pollutants reduction and treatment facilities development in China over the past ten years (from 2007 to 2017). The results showed that the major water pollutants (COD, NH4+-N, TN, TP, heavy metals and petroleum) and atmospheric pollutant (SO2) reduced by 29.2%, 44.3%, 35.7%, 25.5%, 79.8%, 99.0% and 70.0%, respectively. Besides, the dumped industrial solid waste reduced by 96.8%, while the amount of hazardous waste increased by 43.9%, which was attributed to the lesser amount of utilization and treatment than the output. In summary, China had achieved notable achievements in pollution prevention and control. Pollution Source Census provided important data for us to promote the sustainable and green development of industry and agriculture.