四种植物内生真菌对三种烟草病原真菌的拮抗作用

采用研磨法，从烟田杂草中分离得到4种对烟草病原真菌拮抗作用较强的内生真菌。对峙试验发现，内生真菌覆盖或包围病菌，病菌菌落与对照比较均减小。镜检结果表明：赤星病菌不产孢，根黑腐病菌产孢，孢子大小比正常的孢子小4．872μm×31．84μm；镰刀菌只产生厚垣孢子，病原菌菌丝生长畸形，严重影响了病原真菌的生长。这一研究成果为寻求烟草病害的生物防治扩大了拮抗菌的筛选范围。

Antagonistic Effect of Four Plant Endophytic Fungi on Three Pathogenic Fungi of Tobacco

Four kinds of endophytic fungi which was antagonistic to tobacco pathogenic fungi were isolated from weeds in tobacco fields by grinding method in the present study. In confrontation tests, the tobacco pathogen colonies were covered or surrounded by the endophyte and the pathogen colonies, and were smaller compared with the control. Ahernaria ahernata（Fries） Keissler did not produce spores. Conversely, Thielaviopsis basicola （ Brek. et Br. ） might generate spores, and its spore size were 4.872 um× 31.84 um smaller than normal spores. Chlamydospores were only produced from Fusarium oxysporum （Schlecht） f. sp. nicotianae. These endophytic fungi made the mycelial growth deformities and the growth of pathogenic fungi were severely inhibited. Therefore, the scope of antagonistic fungi for biological control of tobacco diseases was expanded.