珠三角滩涂围垦农田土壤和农作物重金属污染

为了研究珠三角滩涂围垦农田土壤和农作物重金属污染状况,采集了广州南沙、中山一带嗣垦农田农作物及其根际土壤样品,测定重金属的质量分数.结果表明,围垦农田土壤样品中Cu、Pb、Cd、Ni、Cr和Zn含量均大于广东省相应土壤环境背景值,其中Cu(56.06mg·kg-1)、Pb(48.30mg·kg-1)、Cd(0.72mg·kg-1)、Ni(41.15mg·kg-1)、Cr(115.1 mg·kg-1)和Zn(200.1 mg·kg-1)分别为背景值的3.30、1.34、12.82、2.26、2.28和4.23倍.与<土壤环境质量标准>(GB 15618--1995)中Ⅱ级标准(pH<6.5)比较,土壤样品中Cu、Cd、Ni和Zn的超标率分别为73.7%、88.6%、59.6%和28.9%.以GB 15618-1995中Ⅱ级标准为评价标准,采用Nemerow指数法进行评价,土壤重金属平均综合污染指数为1.86,属3级轻污染.与<食品中污染物限量>(GB 2762-2005)等相关标准比较,农作物中Cu、Pb、Cd、Ni、Cr和Zn含量的样品超标率分别为0、28.9%、2.6%、48.3%、12.3%和6.1%.由此可见,珠三角滩涂围垦农田土壤和农作物重金属污染问题已经比较突出,土壤污染以Cd为主,而农作物污染则以Ni、Pb、Cr为主.

Heavy Metals Pollution in the Reclaimed Tidal Flat Soils and Crops in the Pearl River Delta

In order to study the heavy metals pollution in the reclaimed tidal flat soils and crops in the Pearl River Delta, the crops and their root soils were collected from the reclaimed cropland in Nansha and Zhongshan, Guangdong Province, China. The total contents of six metals Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr and Zn in soils and crops were measured. The results showed that all the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr and Zn in soil samples were higher than the background values in Guangdong Province soils. The content of Cu(...