放线菌对稠油污染土壤中胶质沥青质的降解研究

利用辽河油田石油污染土壤中分离出的5株土著放线菌对石油污染土壤中的胶质沥青质进行了室温培养降解试验,研究了表面活性剂(吐温-80)对放线菌除油效率的影响。结果表明,菌株A2016对胶质沥青质的降解率最高,为54.98%;表面活性剂吐温-80对放线菌A2004、A2012、A2017去除土壤中胶质沥青质有促进作用,而对放线菌A2016处理则有一定的抑制作用。

Bio-Degradation of Resin and Asphalt in Viscous-Oil Contaminated Soil by Actonomyces

Bioremediation has been popularly used to deal with soils polluted by oil. However, it is very difficult if the soil is contaminated by thick oil, as there is much pectin and asphalt in thick oil, which is complex and hardly degraded by microorganism easily. In order to bioremediate the soil polluted by thick oil, 5 strains of actonomyces, which were selected from indigenous microorganism in Liaohe oil field, were used to biodegrade the pectin and asphalt at lab level. In consideration of surfactants have the ability of dissolving petroleum hydrocarbon, the effect of surfactant and actonomyces (Tween-80) on the degrading of pectin and asphalt was also studied. As a result, firstly, actonomyces could reduce pectin and asphalt in soil as do bacteria and fungi both, but actonomyces had different ability of biodegrading, 42 d later, the highest rate of A2016 exhibited 54.98%. Secondly, the surfactant (Tween-80) could improve the remediation of pectin and asphalt by A2004, A2012 and A2017; on the contrary, it had inhibitory effect when A2016 was used. Therefore, actonomyces should be selected properly to combine with some surfactant if necessary. Thirdly, the degrading rates increased rapidly during 0d~28d from the experimental start, while the increase of biodegradiation was not clearly after 28d. The probable reason of different biodegrading rate was that the quantity of actonomyces, nutrition and carbon in soil decreased after 4 weeks.