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植物修复重金属和抗生素复合污染土壤微生物数量和酶活性的变化
引用本文:周显勇,刘鸿雁,刘艳萍,刘青栋,涂宇,顾小凤,吴龙华.植物修复重金属和抗生素复合污染土壤微生物数量和酶活性的变化[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,38(6):1248-1255.
作者姓名:周显勇  刘鸿雁  刘艳萍  刘青栋  涂宇  顾小凤  吴龙华
作者单位:贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025,贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025,贵州大学资源与环境工程学院, 贵阳 550025,贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025,贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025,贵州大学农学院, 贵阳 550025,中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室, 南京 210008
基金项目:国家基金委-贵州省人民政府联合基金项目(U1616442-2);贵州省普通高等学校土壤质量安全与水肥调控重点实验室开放基金(黔教合KY字[2016] 001);贵州省生物学一流学科建设项目(GNYL [2017] 009);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1802602)
摘    要:养殖废水污灌易引发土壤重金属和抗生素复合污染,为探索植物修复下复合污染土壤重金属和抗生素变化对土壤微生物活性的影响,利用锌镉超富集植物伴矿景天(Sedum plumbizincicola)修复贵阳市某复合污染菜地土壤,研究植物修复和常规种植模式下复合污染土壤微生物数量和酶活性。结果表明:伴矿景天修复后,土壤中重金属Zn、Cd和Pb总量分别降低13.2%、17.8%和12.2%;四环素、土霉素和强力霉素分别下降70.5%、57.4%和76.0%;磺胺甲恶唑、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、磺胺对甲氧嘧啶以及喹诺酮类氧氟沙星和恩诺沙星下降幅度为35.8%~62.3%;土壤细菌、真菌数量分别增加了18.8%和73.1%;土壤中脲酶、过氧化氢酶和磷酸酶的活性分别提高了16.5%、65.4%和20.5%。常规种植芹菜(Apium graveolens L.)土壤中的重金属和抗生素含量也呈降低趋势,微生物数量和酶活性相应提高,但变化幅度小于伴矿景天修复土壤。在植物修复下土壤重金属含量降低,抗生素生物降解作用增强,污染物下降后,其对土壤微生物及酶的抑制减弱,可提高土壤生物活性,改善土壤微环境。

关 键 词:土壤  伴矿景天  重金属  抗生素  微生物  
收稿时间:2019/1/8 0:00:00

Changes in microbial populations and enzyme activity under phytoremediation in soil co-contaminated with heavy metals and antibiotics
ZHOU Xian-yong,LIU Hong-yan,LIU Yan-ping,LIU Qing-dong,TU Yu,GU Xiao-feng and WU Long-hua.Changes in microbial populations and enzyme activity under phytoremediation in soil co-contaminated with heavy metals and antibiotics[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2019,38(6):1248-1255.
Authors:ZHOU Xian-yong  LIU Hong-yan  LIU Yan-ping  LIU Qing-dong  TU Yu  GU Xiao-feng and WU Long-hua
Institution:College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China,College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China,College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China,College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China,College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China,College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China and Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Abstract:Irrigation with husbandry wastewater can lead to soil co-contamination by antibiotics and heavy metals and poses potential toxicological risks. In this study, we explored the effects of phytoremediation on biological activity in soils contaminated with heavy metals and antibiotics. Sedum plumbizincicola was used for remediation of the soil in a vegetable field in Guiyang that was co-contaminated. Changes in soil microbial populations and enzyme activities with phytoremediation and conventional cropping were examined. With S. plumbizincicola, the total amount of Zn, Cd, and Pb in the soil decreased by 13.2%, 17.8% and 12.2%; the concentration of tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and doxycycline decreased by 70.5%, 57.4%, and 76.0%, respectively; the concentration of sulfamethoxazole, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfametoxydiazine, ofloxacin, and enrofloxacin decreased between 35.8% and 62.3%; the biomass of soil bacteria and fungi increased by 18.8% and 73.1%, respectively; urease, catalase, and phosphatase activity increased by 16.5%, 65.4%, and 20.5%, respectively. In a normal celery (Apium graveolens L.) plantation field, the concentrations of heavy metals and antibiotics also decreased, and the microbial biomass and enzyme activity increased. Compared with S. plumbizincicola remediation, the observed changes were much smaller with celery. These results indicate that phytoremediation could decrease the concentrations of heavy metals and antibiotics, and increase the biodegradation of antibiotics, the microbial biomass, and enzyme activity, which improve the soil microenvironment.
Keywords:soil  Sedum plumbizincicola  heavy metals  antibiotics  microorganism  enzyme
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