白洋淀底泥重金属的污染及其潜在生态危害评价

采用地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对白洋淀湖区底泥重金属元素进行了污染和生态危害评价,并和历史资料对比进行了分析。结果表明,白洋淀底泥中重金属Cd、Pb含量较高,分别表现为极强和轻微-中等的生态危害和极强和中度的污染程度,针对白洋淀现状,提出了治理措施建议。

Pollution and the Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Sediment of Baiyangdian Lake

The sediment is a important component of the water body. Geoaccumulation index and the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sediment of Baiyangdian Lake were evaluated and compared with the historical data, the causes of pollution were analyzed. The contents of Cd, Pb were very high in sediment of Baiyangdian Lake, and there existed extremely stronger ecological risk for Cd and slight-medium ecological risk for Pb. The pollution in upper reaches was more serious than that in lower reaches. In the places where the village was intensive and populous, the water quality was broken heavily with very high content of heavy metal, and breeding fish very densely and raising more duck and crab aggravated the pollution. The degree of pollution in sediment of 0~10cm in Baiyangdian Lake was greater than that of 10~20 cm. The sediment was polluted and still aggravated at the bottom in recent years. Among 21 sampling sites, Anxin bridge, the South Liu Village, original Tangriver sewage storehouse and Tong kou were polluted comparatively serious than other places. Based on these results, the administration measure for Baiyangdian Lake was put forward.