磷对稻田甲烷排放的影响及其可能机制

目前关于磷对稻田甲烷排放的影响研究较少，为此，本文检索了已发表的磷对稻田甲烷排放的相关文章，并对文献数据进行了再挖掘分析，总结归纳了磷对甲烷产生和氧化的可能影响，并对未来需要进一步探究的问题进行了讨论。分析发现磷对稻田甲烷排放的调控主要受种植系统和其他施肥情况的影响，一季中稻下大都表现为磷肥施用降低甲烷排放，降幅受其他土壤养分情况影响而不同。磷通过影响水稻根系及其分泌物进而影响土壤碳的有效性，直接影响土壤磷的有效性，并改变土壤产甲烷菌和甲烷氧化菌的丰度和群落组成来调控甲烷的产生及氧化过程，最终影响甲烷的排放。

Effects of phosphorus on methane emissions from rice fields and its possible mechanisms

Methane is the second most important greenhouse gas, and its potential for warming per molecule is 28~34 times higher than that of carbon dioxide. Rice fields, as an important source of methane emissions, emit approximately 12%~26% of the total global methane. Existing studies on methane emissions from rice fields are mainly focused on the effects of the addition of organic matter, fertilizer types, nitrogen, rice varieties, and soil types; however, little attention has been paid to phosphorus. In this study, published studies on phosphorus and methane emissions from paddy fields were reviewed. The data from literature were reanalyzed to summarize the influences of phosphorus on methane production and oxidation, and future research issues were discussed. It was found that the regulation of methane emissions from paddy fields by phosphorus was mainly affected by the planting system and other fertilization conditions. Most of the research data showed that phosphate fertilizer application reduced the methane emissions of single-season Indica rice, and the decrease rate depended on the soil nutrient status. The regulation of the production and oxidation of methane by phosphorus was mainly through affecting the availability of soil carbon by rice roots and their exudates, influencing soil phosphorus availability directly, and changing the abundance and community composition of soil methanogens and methanotrophs.