北京市通州区河流PAHs的源解析

在北京市通州区河流沟渠上设立23个采样点，并于2005年7月、10月、12月、2006年3月分别采集水样。采用GC-MS内标定量分析方法，检测了样品中水体和悬浮物中16种美国EPA优控多环芳烃（PAHs）的浓度。结果表明，通州河流悬浮物中PAHs浓度远远高于水体中PAHs的浓度，水体和悬浮物中PAHs相对浓度的变化反映了不同季节河流PAHs输入途径的特征。PHE（菲，phenanthrene）/ANT（蒽，anthracene）和FLA（荧蒽，fluoranthene）/PYR（芘，pyrene）的分析结果表明，通州河流中PAHs主要来源于燃料的燃烧，且多项特征指数表明通州河流有显著的汽油燃烧、柴油燃烧和燃煤源。运用主因子分析和多元线性回归分析半定量地研究悬浮物中几种主要燃料燃烧源PAHs的贡献率，结果表明，燃煤源、焦炉源、柴油源和汽油燃烧源PAHs贡献率均较高。

Source Apportionment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Rivers in Tongzhou District of Beijing, China

Twenty-three water and suspend particle samples from the rivers in Tongzhou District of Beijing were collected in July 24th 2005,October 16th 2005,December 27th 2005 and March 28th 2006.Sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) were simultaneously measured.Water samples were extracted using a solid-phase extraction(SPE) system(Supelco).Suspend particle samples were Soxhlet extracted with dichloromethane(DCM) for 8 h,the extracts were then fractioned and cleaned up using a mixed silica gel/alumina column.Deuterated PAH standards(naphthalene-d8,acenaphthened10,phenanthrene-d10,pyrene-d12,chrysene-d12,and perylene-d12) were added as recovery surrogates and the IS mixture was also added.An Agilent 6890 GC with a mass detector(MSD) was used for determining PAHs.Results showed that total PAHs concentrations in suspend particle is much higher than PAHs in water.And the diversity is bigger in winter and spring.Changes of the proportion of PAHs in water and suspend particle illustrated the seasonal variation of the import of PAHs to the rivers.Ratio of PHE(phenanthrene)/ANT(anthracene) and FLA(fluoranthene)/PYR(pyrene) showed that fuel-burning is the main source of PAHs in rivers of Tongzhou.Gasoline,coal and diesel were observably identified by ratio analysis such as BaA(benz(a)anthracene) /CHR(chrysene),BbF(ben-zo(b)fluoranthene)/BkF(benzo(k)fluoranthene) and IcdP(indeno-(1,2,3-cd)pyrene)/(benzo(ghi)perylene).Contributions of different fuel-burning sources were calculated by applying factor analysis and multiple linear regression method.For the PAHs in suspend particle samples,gasoline combustion and coke oven emission,coal and diesel combustion,coal and combustion accounted 44.56%,39.68% and 15.76%,respectively.