施用生物有机肥对芥蓝及土壤重金属含量影响的研究

采用土壤培养试验及盆栽试验方法,对施用生物有机肥对土壤及芥蓝体内重金属含量的影响进行了分析测试。结果表明:与不施肥处理比较,施用生物有机肥使惠州菜园土的Hg、Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr含量和南海菜园土的As、Zn含量有所提高,但提高的幅度较小。对照土壤环境质量标准(GB 15618—1995),除了广东南海菜园土由于其本底含Cd量较高而使其含Cd量只能达到三级水平之外,其他指标都达到一级或二级的水平,表明施用生物有机肥对土壤重金属含量的影响不大。与不施肥处理比较,施用生物有机肥处理除对在广东惠州菜园土上生长的芥蓝的Cr、Cd含量有少量提高外,对其Pb、N i、Zn、Cu含量以及在广东南海菜园土上生长的芥蓝的Cr、Cd、Pb、N i、Zn、Cu含量均有减低作用;并且,对照无公害蔬菜质量指标(广东省地方标准),所有的生物有机肥处理均符合无公害蔬菜的标准。

Effect of Bioorganic Fertilizer Application on Contents of Heavy Metals in Chinese kale and Soil

The pot and soil culture experiments were conducted to study the effect of bioorganic fertilizer on contents of heavy metals in Chinese kale and soil.Compared with the control(no application of the fertilizer),the contents of Hg,Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr in vegetable soils of Huizhou and As,Zn in vegetable soils of Nanhai increased slightly un der the application of bioorganic fertilizer.Except the concentration of Cd reached the third standard in vegetable soils in Nanhai of Guangdong Province due to its high background concentration in these areas,the other indexes all met the first grade or second grade standard of soil environment(GB 15618-1995).A pplying bioorganic fertilizer had no significant effect on the concentration of heavy metals in soil.After applying the bioorganic fertilizer,the contents of Cr and Cd in Chinese kale growing in vegetable soils in Huizhou of Guangdong Province increased a little,while the contents of Pb,Ni,Zn,Cu in Chinese kale growing in vegetable soils of Huizhou and the contents of Cr,Cd,Pb,Ni,Zn,Cu growing in vegetable soils of Nanhai decreased respectively.In addition,compared to the quality standard of free-pollution vegetable(based on local standard of Guangdong province),the application of all the bioorganic fertilizer met the standard request of free-pollution vegetable.