凹凸棒添加对有机肥发酵温度及养分的影响

为充分利用凹凸棒石的吸附性能，降低有机肥发酵过程中的碳氮损失，减少臭气排放，设置4个不同凹凸棒石添加量（0、5%、10%、15%），探讨凹凸棒石添加量对有机肥发酵温度、养分含量及养分损失率的影响。结果显示：相比不添加凹凸棒石的对照，添加凹凸棒石可降低堆肥发酵最高温度，延长高温持续时间，降低堆体水分损失速率； 5%凹凸棒石添加可显著降低氮素损失约10个百分点，但当其添加量超过10%时，氮素损失反而增加；添加凹凸棒石显著降低了有机质含量和损失率，且凹凸棒石添加量与有机质损失率呈显著负相关关系。此外，添加凹凸棒石可提高有机肥的钾素含量，但对磷素的含量和损失无显著影响。研究表明，有机肥生产工艺中，凹凸棒石的适宜添加量应为物料总质量的5%~10%。

Effects of attapulgite addition on fermentation temperature and nutrient content of organic fertilizer

To effectively utilize the advantageous adsorption properties of attapulgite, reduce carbon and nitrogen losses and stench gas emissions during the fermentation of organic fertilizer, four different additions of attapulgite(0, 5%, 10%, 15%) were set up in this study to discuss the effects of attapulgite additions on temperature, nutrient content and nutrient loss rate during the fermentation. The results showed that, compared with the non-supplemented control, adding attapulgite could reduce the maximum temperature of compost fermentation, prolong the duration of high temperature and reduce the rate of water loss in the compost; Adding 5% attapulgite significantly reduced the total nitrogen mass loss by approximately 10 percent points. However, when the amount of attapulgite was >10% the nitrogen mass loss increased. Overall, the addition of attapulgite significantly reduced the mass and content loss of organic matter, and the addition of attapulgite had a significantly negative correlation with the mass loss rate of organic matter. Furthermore, the addition of attapulgite increased the potassium content of organic fertilizer, but had no significant effect on the phosphorus content. Therefore, the suitable amount of attapulgite in the organic fertilizer production process is 5%~10% of the total mass of the material.