| 生物炭对灌淤土氮素流失及水稻产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张爱平,刘汝亮,高霁,张晴雯,肖建南,陈哲,杨世琦,惠锦卓,杨正礼.生物炭对灌淤土氮素流失及水稻产量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(12):2395-2403. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张爱平 刘汝亮 高霁 张晴雯 肖建南 陈哲 杨世琦 惠锦卓 杨正礼 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所农业部农业环境重点实验室，农业清洁流域创新团队，北京 100081
2. 宁夏农林科学院,银川,750000 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央公益型科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(BSRF201306)；农业清洁流域创新基金；宁夏科技支撑计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 针对宁夏引黄灌区氮素流失严重的现状,通过大田试验研究生物炭施于灌淤土对水稻产量、水稻生育期内氮素运移特征及氮素流失量的影响。在常规施肥条件下设置高量炭(C3N300:9000 kg·hm-2);中量炭(C2N300:6750 kg·hm-2);低量炭(C1N300:4500 kg·hm-2)和不施炭(C0N300:0 kg·hm-2)4个处理。研究结果表明,生物炭和氮肥配合施用,对稻田田面水和渗漏水中氮素动态有一定影响,表现为总氮(TN)和硝态氮(NO-3-N)浓度随生物炭用量增加而降低,铵态氮(NH+4-N)浓度升高;在对各层土壤氮素动态的影响上,表现为20 cm处渗漏水中氮素浓度受生物炭用量影响明显,但100 cm处氮素浓度受影响较小。对水稻生育期内氮素径流损失的影响表现为随生物炭施用量增加,田面水TN和NO-3-N径流流失风险下降,但NH+4-N径流流失风险增加;本研究条件下添加生物炭对NO-3-N和NH+4-N淋失没有表现出影响,TN淋失表现为随生物炭用量增加而降低,其中TN淋失量最小的是C3N300处理,整个生育期内淋失量为26.28 kg·hm-2,与常规施肥处理C0N300相比,减少9.45%。另外,添加生物炭增加水稻穗粒数和穗数,使水稻理论产量显著增加15.3%~44.9%,其中C3N300产量显著高于其他处理(P0.05)。生物炭用于灌淤土对水稻产量有促进作用,对降低稻田氮素淋失也表现出积极效果。
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| 关 键 词： | 生物炭 灌淤土 氮淋失 水稻产量 宁夏引黄灌区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/6/16 0:00:00 |
Effects of Biochar on Nitrogen Losses and Rice Yield in Anthropogenic-alluvial Soil Irrigated with Yellow River Water |
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| ZHANG Ai-ping,LIU Ru-liang,GAO Ji,ZHANG Qing-wen,XIAO Jian-nan,CHEN Zhe,YANG Shi-qi,HUI Jin-zhuo and YANG Zheng-li.Effects of Biochar on Nitrogen Losses and Rice Yield in Anthropogenic-alluvial Soil Irrigated with Yellow River Water[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2014,33(12):2395-2403. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Ai-ping LIU Ru-liang GAO Ji ZHANG Qing-wen XIAO Jian-nan CHEN Zhe YANG Shi-qi HUI Jin-zhuo and YANG Zheng-li |
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| Institution: | Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, CAAS/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, China Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 10081, China;Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750000, China;Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, CAAS/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, China Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 10081, China;Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, CAAS/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, China Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 10081, China;Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, CAAS/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, China Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 10081, China;Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, CAAS/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, China Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 10081, China;Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, CAAS/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, China Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 10081, China;Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, CAAS/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, China Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 10081, China;Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, CAAS/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, China Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 10081, China |
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| Abstract: | |
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| Keywords: | biochar anthropogenic-alluvial soil nitrogen leaching rice yield Ningxia irrigation region |
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