秸秆腐熟剂对土壤微生物及养分的影响

为了解本研究室于常温下筛选研制的秸秆腐熟剂在土壤中的施用效果,通过盆钵模拟培养试验,设置腐熟剂的不同施用方式(单独施用腐熟剂、配施葡萄糖、配施尿素、配施尿素与葡萄糖),研究小麦秸秆还田施用秸秆腐熟剂后土壤微生物群落特征及养分含量变化,为该秸秆腐熟剂的产品化及合理施用提供理论依据。结果表明,秸秆腐熟剂以不同施用方式进入土壤后,土壤的微生物群落组成与活性相应发生显著变化,AWCD、Shannon多样性指数(H)、物种丰富度(S)均增大,早期土壤中细菌和真菌数量增加,腐熟剂与尿素的配合施用使土壤的基础呼吸和微生物代谢熵显著下降(P<0.05);腐熟剂施用加快了小麦秸秆的腐解速度,腐熟剂施用90d后,土壤中全磷、速效磷及速效钾的含量均有不同程度的增加,腐熟剂与尿素的配合施用增幅显著(P<0.05)。在秸秆还田时,施用腐熟剂有助于土壤微生物群落活性与多样性的提高,同时也有利于改善土壤养分状况,腐熟剂与尿素配合施用的效果最佳。

Effect of Microbial Inoculants for Straw Decomposing on Soil Microorganisms and the Nutrients

Crop straw returning to field is an important way in the maintenance of agro-ecosystem since it could enhance soil fertility and improve soil structure. In wheat-rice rotation region, microbial inoculants for straw decomposing, which could accelerate straw decomposition and mitigate short-term disadvantage, usually is adopted as an important agricultural measure after crop harvest. We obtained a microbial agent from natural condition and got the inoculants culture. A pot experiment was conducted with differ...