铅锌银尾矿污染区土壤微生物区系及主要生理类群研究

通过现场采样及室内培养分析,研究了浙江省天台铅锌银尾矿污染区土壤微生物区系组成及主要生理类群。结果表明,尾矿污染区土壤几种重金属含量比非矿区土壤有明显的增加。尾矿区土壤微生物区系组成和各生理类群发生了明显变化,土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌以及各生理类群数量均显著降低,且三大微生物以及各生理类群对尾矿污染的敏感性大小分别表现为放线菌>细菌>真菌,自生固氮菌>氨化细菌>硝化细菌>反硝化细菌>纤维分解菌。可见,土壤中微生物区系组成及参与物质转化的生理类群种类、数量及变动在一定程度上可反映该尾矿污染区生境的重金属污染特征及其生态功能的演变规律。

Microbial Populations and Major Physiological Groups in Soils Contaminated by Tailings from a Pb, Zn and Ag Mine

Microbial populations and major microorganism groups were assayed in soils polluted by tailings from a Pb, Zn and Ag mine. The results showed that the contents of heavy metals in soils contaminated by tailings were higher than those in non-polluted soils. The microbial population and major microorganism groups changed significantly in soils polluted by tailing mine. The number of microbial populations (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) and physiological groups decreased significantly with increasing contamination of heavy metals. Moreover, the orders of three soil micro-organims and physiological groups being sensitive to heavy metal pollution indicated separately actinomycetes > bacteria > fungi, and azotobacteria > ammonifying bacteria > nitrobacteria> denitrobacteria > cellulose decomposing bacteria. Therefore, heavy metal pollution characteristics, evolvement law of ecological function in areas contaminated by Pb, Zn and Ag tailing mine were indicated by soil microorganism populations and changes of physiological groups.