农业文化遗产的保护与发展

农业是国民经济和社会发展的基础。悠久的农业文明创造了一批经济与生态价值高度统一的土地利用系统,体现了独特的动态保护思想以及农业可持续发展的理念,对于现代生态农业的发展具有重要的价值。2002年联合国粮农组织发起了"全球重要农业文化遗产"保护项目,并在全世界得到迅速开展。本文介绍了全球重要农业文化遗产的概念内涵及其项目进展,分析了农业文化遗产在促进农业多种功能、促进传统知识与现代技术的融合、促进农村可持续发展方面的重要作用。在此基础上,分析并总结了我国农业文化遗产保护与发展的现状与面临的问题,最后从科学研究和管理实践两个角度对我国农业文化遗产的保护与发展工作提出了建议。

Agri-cultural Heritage Research and Conservation Practices: Progress and Perspectives

Agriculture is the foundation for development of the society.With a long history of agri-cultural development, farmers have been performinga variety of agri-cultural practices suitable for different natural conditions and created splendidagri-cultural heritages, including agri-cultural landscapes, knowledge, techniques and so on. Some of them have transmitted from generation to generation, and others have been declined or even extinct. Thus, the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) Partnership Initiative was emerged in the right time and conditions, which was conceptualized and launched by FAO in 2002 at the occasion of World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg. In general, GIAHS contains the deep philosophy of holistic entity between human and nature, ingenious composition of community and integrated technology for agriculture management and culture, which are the treasure not only for the past and present but also for the future. To conserving, and enhancing these knowledge should be an important part of sustainable development in our time. This paper introduced the concept of GIAHS and the progress of the GIAHS program, proposed six plans of GIAHS work, including expanding of involvement of government, improvement regulation and standardization, cooperation and exchange with other heritage programs, strengthening multi-channel fundraising, promotingscientific research and establishing multi-stakeholder partnerships. Then, this paper reviewed the situation of China's agri-cultural heritage research and conservation, analyzed the problems and potential solutions.