磺胺二甲基嘧啶对土壤微生物活动的影响

采用室内培养方法,研究了磺胺二甲基嘧啶对不同土壤中微生物呼吸活动和种群数量的影响。结果表明,所测药物对不同土壤中微生物呼吸活动的影响有所差异。在污染的中后期,长春土中加入一定量的磺胺二甲基嘧啶能刺激土壤的呼吸作用;而在成都土中,高浓度的药物对土壤的呼吸有抑制作用。磺胺二甲基嘧啶对土壤中的细菌的生长也表现出一定的抑制作用,长春土对细菌的抑制作用较为突出。不同土壤的抑制作用表现出时间差异,24h的抑制率高于48h。用药后48h,磺胺二甲基嘧啶对武汉土中真菌的生长表现出明显的抑制作用,药物浓度越低,抑制作用越强;药物对长春土中真菌的生长也有一定的抑制作用,而在另外2种土壤中,药物对真菌的生长没有表现出抑制作用。

Effects of Sulfamethazine on Microbial Activity in Different Types of Soil

The fate and potential impact of veterinary medicines in the environment have been researched in the world. As feed additive, sulfamethazine is widely used to promote animal growth and prevent disease. The relationship between chemicals and soil microorganism has become an important research field in environmental science. The effects of different concentration of sulfamethazine on soil respiration and growth rates of bacteria and fungi in different types of soil were studied. The results showed that the effects of sulfamethazine on soil respiration activity varied with types of soils. During the later period of exposure, sulfamethazine stimulated the soil respiration in soil from Changchun, while, high concentration of sulfamethazine inhibited the CO2 emission in Chengdu soil. The drug inhibited the growth rates of bacteria in soils, and the inhibition rate was higher at 24 hour than that at 48 hour. Different soil compositions affected sulfamethazine's inhibitive effect on bacteria and fungi growth. The effects of drug on fungus growth varied with soils, and the significant inhibition action presented in Wuhan soil after exposure 48 hour, which may be related to the different types and structures of microorganisms in soil from various regions.