高温堆肥对鸡粪中氟喹诺酮类抗生素的去除

由于抗生素不能被完全吸收而大部分随禽畜粪便进入环境将严重威胁生态环境及人类健康,探讨了高温堆肥去除鸡粪中氟喹诺酮类(Fluoroquinolones,FQs)抗生素(诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、洛美沙星、恩诺沙星、沙拉沙星)的可行性以及接种外源耐高温菌对去除FQs的影响。结果表明:高温堆肥可去除鸡粪中48.4%~77.1%的FQs,且FQs的降解在堆肥初期(0~14 d)较快;堆肥中FQs的降解可用一级动力学方程进行拟合,降解速率与鸡粪中FQs的初始浓度正相关;接种外源耐高温菌种后FQs的去除率为60.3%~76.4%,比未接种时提高了3.3%~7.2%,且诺氟沙星和洛美沙星的去除率显著提高。鉴于高温堆肥未能实现畜禽粪便中残留FQs的高效去除(90%以上),因此还有待于堆肥过程和外源添加菌种的进一步优化研究。

Effect of High Temperature Composting on Removal of Fluoroquinolones in Chicken Manures

Fluoroquinolones (FQs), widely used in livestock and poultry breeding industry, may pose a serious threat to ecological environment and human health after entering the environment via livestock manures. In the present study, we assessed the effects of high temperature composting and high temperature- resistant bacterium inoculation on the removal of FQs including norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, enrofloxacin, and sarafloxacin. High temperature composting had a high potential to remove FQs in chicken manures, with relatively high degradation rates at the early stage of composting (0~14 d). The degradation process of FQs by composting fitted the first order kinetic equation, indicating that FQs degradation rates were positively related to initial concentrations of FQs in chicken manures. Inoculating high temperature resistant bacteria increased the removal rates of FQs (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, enrofloxacin and sarafloxacin) by 3.3~7.2 percentage points, as compared to the non-inoculating control, with significant rises only for norfloxacin and lomefloxacin. Further studies on composting processes and bacterial inoculation methods are necessary to improve FQs removal rates in chicken manures.