耕地生态风险评价研究热点与趋势——基于CiteSpace可视化分析

耕地资源是进行农业生产的核心，对耕地生态进行风险评价，能够为人类活动对生态系统的影响提供预测。基于文献大数据分析软件和文献查阅方法，从Web of Science（WOS）核心数据库和CNKI数据库中有条件地分别筛选出380篇和306篇文章，采用CiteSpace V软件对目标领域的主题、关键词和WOS分类进行共现分析，对耕地生态风险评价研究领域的知识演化路径、研究内容和热点进行详细评述，旨在为未来耕地生态风险评价研究提供参考。结果表明：国内耕地生态风险评价研究的热点词聚类结果集中反映为"生态安全""重金属""生态足迹""社会价值"和"耕地保护"五大类；国外耕地生态风险评价研究的热点词聚类结果集中反映为"农业灌溉土地""土壤退化""地统计分析"和"土地利用"四大类。通过研究得到三个方面的结论：①国外关于耕地生态风险评价的研究主题比较零散，主要集中在对耕地土壤重金属的分析与评估；②国内耕地生态风险评价的研究在2015-2017年进入活跃期，研究主题的演化趋势具有一定的政策指向性；③国外的耕地生态风险评价研究与国内的研究在方向和尺度上有很大的差异，具有明显的区域差异性。

Hot spots and trends of cultivated land ecological risk evaluation: Visualization analysis based on CiteSpace

Cultivated land resources are the core of agricultural production. Having risk evaluation on cultivated land can predict the impact of human activities to the ecosystem. According to the analysis on big data and relative literature, 380 articles from the Web of Science (WOS) and 306 articles from CNKI were referenced. Analyzing the topics, keywords, and WOS classifications with CiteSpace V and summarizing on the knowledge evolution path, content and hot spots of the arable land ecological risk assessment researches, all of the study would provide a reference for future research on the ecological risk assessment of cultivated land. The result showed that the key words in domestic cultivated land ecological risk assessment were ecological security, heavy metal, ecological trace, social value and cultivated land protection. Clustering results of key words abroad were agricultural irrigated soil, soil degradation, geostatistical analysis and land use. It concluded:The researches on the ecological risk assessment of cultivated land abroad were scattered, but the main analysis was about heavy metals in cultivated land; The study on the evaluation of the ecological risk of cultivated land in China entered an active period from 2015 to 2017, with the evolution tends of certain policy direction; There were great differences in research direction and research scale between the foreign countries'' arable land ecological risk assessment research and domestic research.