露天矿区排土场复垦地土壤容重差异、GPR特征识别与反演

为揭示复垦地不同剖面土壤容重的总体特征和深度差异，以中煤平朔安太堡露天矿南排土场为研究对象，基于探地雷达（GPR）图像特征分析土壤容重差异，构建介电常数与土壤容重之间的关系。分析方法采用环刀采样称重法、探地雷达探测法、方差分析法、拟合分析法等。结果表明：矿区排土场平台土壤容重大于边坡，边坡坡度越大，土壤容重越小。在土壤含水率较小时，各个剖面0~30 cm处有较多大振幅信号，土壤容重较小，探地雷达信号图上大振幅信号的多少与土壤容重大小成反比。土壤容重随介电常数的增大而呈线性增加趋势，且二者拟合后的R²值达0.813 9，相伴概率小于0.01。研究表明，矿区排土场不同位置及同一剖面不同深度土壤容重大小差异明显，通过探地雷达可对土壤容重差异进行分析。

Soil bulk density difference, ground penetrating radar feature identification, and simulation for a reclaimed soil profile in the dumping site of an open pit mine

In this study, the southern dumping site of the Antaibao open pit mine in Pingshuo, China was taken as the research subject. This study aimed to reveal the overall characteristics and depth differences in soil bulk density in different profiles of the reclaimed land. The difference in soil bulk density was based on the characteristics of ground penetrating radar (GPR) images. The relationship between the dielectric constant and soil bulk density was determined. In this study, the soil bulk density at different depths of the reconstructed soil profile was obtained using two methods, namely ring knife sample weighing and GPR detection. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance and fitting analysis. The results showed that the soil bulk density varied greatly at different locations of the dumping site and at different depths of the same profile. The soil bulk density of the platform was greater than that of the slope. The slope of the slope was larger, the soil bulk density was smaller, and the more herbs, the greater the soil bulk density. When the soil moisture content was low, the amplitude of the large amplitude signal on the GPR map was inversely proportional to the soil bulk density. The soil bulk density could be qualitatively analyzed. The soil bulk density increased linearly with the dielectric constant, and the two were fitted. The R² value was 0.813 9, and the associated probability was less than 0.01. The results of this study could provide strong support for GPR to quickly and non-destructively detect soil bulk density and effective reclamation.