节水改造对沈乌灌域不同地貌浅层地下水埋深的影响

为了揭示节水改造对区域地下水埋深的影响，以沈乌灌域44眼地下水观测井资料为基础，研究节水改造下地下水动态演变趋势。结果表明：整个灌域地下水埋深受灌溉影响明显，夏灌和秋浇后整个灌域地下水埋深都有上升趋势，秋浇后灌域大部分地区地下水埋深处于最浅值，有一定的周期性变化规律，但灌域中心地区存在深埋区，对于地下水资源要加强管控；节水改造后，各渠系下游耕地区平均埋深降幅（12.46%）大于上游耕地区平均埋深降幅（7.13%），最大埋深平均降幅（16.54%）大于最小埋深平均降幅（15.78%）；荒地区、湖泊旁地区和林地区的地下水平均埋深分别下降0.33、0.24 m和0.36 m。研究表明，节水改造对耕地区、荒地区、湖泊旁和林地区影响较明显，对盐碱区和渠道旁地区影响较微弱。

Influence of water saving reform on the depth of shallow groundwater of different landforms in Shenwu irrigation areas

The water-saving reform project is currently being carried out in the Shenwu irrigation area of the Hetao irrigation district. The implementation of this project will definitely affect the groundwater environment. The purpose of the present study was to reveal the effects of water saving reform on the buried depth of regional groundwater. Based on data from 44 groundwater observation wells in the Shenwu irrigation area, the present study began by assessing the dynamic evolution of groundwater under water saving reform. The results showed that the buried depth of groundwater of the entire irrigation area was clearly affected by irrigation. After summer and autumn irrigation, the buried depth of groundwater in the entire irrigation area tended to increase. The buried depth of groundwater was the shallowest after the autumn irrigation in most regions of the irrigation area. A certain periodic variation in depth was noted, but deep buried areas were present in the central regions of the irrigation area, and groundwater resources should be managed more frequently. After water saving reforms were implemented, the range of decrease in the average buried depth of the downstream arable areas of each canal system (12.46%) was larger than that for the upstream arable area (7.13%); the averaged range of decrease of the maximum buried depth (16.54%) was larger than the averaged range of decrease of the minimum buried depth (15.78%). The average buried depth of groundwater in the abandoned, lakeside, and forest areas decreased by 0.33, 0.24 m, and 0.36 m, respectively. Studies have shown that the influence of water-saving reform on arable, abandoned, lakeside, and forest areas is more obvious, and that these reforms have little impact on saline-alkali areas and channel areas.