利用AMMI模型分析稻米镉含量的基因型与环境互作效应

以湖南推广种植的10个早稻和8个晚稻品种为基因型材料,在安全区、轻微度和轻度污染区选择4个试验点进行试验,通过AMMI模型研究基因型与环境互作效应对稻米Cd积累量及其稳定性的影响。结果表明:土壤Cd污染程度和生长季节对稻米的Cd积累量均有显著影响,污染区晚稻品种的稻米Cd超标率明显高于早稻;基因型对早稻稻米的Cd含量具有极显著影响,因而可通过选择种植稻米含量低且遗传稳定性好的低积累品种来降低稻米的Cd积累量;环境对晚稻稻米Cd积累量的影响占主导效应,可通过分析品种地点的互作效应来确定低积累品种的适宜推广区域。稳定性参数Di值的计算明晰了稻米Cd积累量的稳定性,对于正确指导低积累品种的推广应用具有重要意义。

Analysis of Genotypic and Environmental Effects on Cadmium Content in Rice by AMMI Model

Cadmium(Cd) accumulation in rice is greatly influenced by genotypes and environmental factors. In this study, ten early and eight late rice cultivars, widely planted in Hunan Province, were selected as genotype materials and were planted at four experimental sites in each of safe, and slightly and lowly contaminated areas. The AMMI model was used to analyze genotype and environment interactive effects on Cd content and stability in rice. Soil Cd pollution degree and plant growth season had significant impacts on Cd accumulation in rice. The ratios of rice Cd to the official maximum allowable limit in late rice were significantly higher than those in early rice cultivars in the Cd contaminated sites. Cadmium content in early rice was significantly influenced by genotypes. Therefore, varieties with low and stable Cd content in rice grain could be chosen to reduce Cd accumulation in early rice. However, environmental factors had dominant effects on cadmium accumulation in late rice. It would be critical to analyze the genotype and environment interaction to determine appropriate areas for late rice cultivars with low Cd accumulation. The stability of Cd accumulation in rice was determined by Di values, which is important for guiding extension of rice cultivars with low Cd accumulation.