改性生物炭的制备及其在环境修复中的应用

生物炭具有较大的孔隙度和比表面积,吸附能力强,在环境污染修复、土壤改良和固碳方面应用广泛。由于高温热解过程会使生物炭官能团数量减少而降低其对某些特定污染物的吸附性能,同时,由于原始生物炭存在固液分离难的问题,通过改性生物炭提高其理化性质,并应用于环境修复受到了学术界和工业界的广泛关注。然而,目前针对改性生物炭的制备及其在土壤和水体修复中的应用综述较少。本文对近年来有关改性生物炭的文献进行了系统分析,总结生物炭的改性方法,简要阐述改性生物炭在环境(土壤和水体)污染修复中的应用,并深入探讨了磁性生物炭作为吸附剂和催化剂在水污染处理中的应用现状,最后对改性生物炭的研究方向提出了展望。

Preparation of modified biochar and its application in environmental remediation

With a great specific surface area, high porosity, and strong adsorption capacity, biochar has been widely applied in environmental remediation, soil improvement, and carbon sequestration. The high temperature pyrolysis process can reduce the number of functional groups of biochar and its adsorption capacity for some contaminants. Moreover, the biochar prepared by traditional methods is limited by difficulties with solid-liquid separation. Therefore, efforts have been made to enhance the physicochemical and adsorption properties of biochar through preparing modified biochar, and its application in environmental remediation has received widespread attention in academia and industry. However, there are few reviews on the preparation of modified biochar and its application in soil and water remediation. This review systematically analyses recent literatures on modified biochar, summarizes the methods of biochar modification, and briefly discusses the application of modified biochar in soil and wastewater remediation. The advances of magnetic biochar as an adsorbent and catalyst in wastewater treatment are discussed in detail. Key points and research directions on biochar composites are proposed as a reference for the massive application of biochar in the future.