转菜豆几丁质酶基因和烟草葡聚糖酶基因抗病棉花的种植对棉花根际土壤酶活性的影响

本研究探讨了转菜豆几丁质酶基因和烟草葡聚糖酶基因的抗病棉花株系7p、28p(双价载体)以及受体高代材料97185、79701的种植对根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性、蛋白酶活性、纤维素酶活性、脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性的影响。结果表明:整个生育时期抗病转基因棉花根际土壤的过氧化氢酶活性与其受体之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。另外,根际土壤的蛋白酶活性、纤维素酶活性、脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性在同一生育期内差异不显著(P>0.05),而在不同的生育时期差异显著(P<0.05)。说明抗病转基因棉花的种植对根际土壤过氧化氢酶和蛋白酶几乎无影响,而根际土壤纤维素酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性的变化转基因抗病棉花与受体种植之间几乎没有影响,而在不同棉花株系和生育期之间产生一定的影响,这可能与不同基因类型以及生育期植株根部分泌物有关。研究初步表明转基因抗病棉花的种植对土壤微生态的影响不大。

Effect of Planting Disease-resistant Transgenic Cotton on Rhizosphere Soil Enzymatic Activities

The security of transgenic crops has been a focus problem.Study of transgenic plants on soil enzyme activities has important practical value for the scientific evaluation of transgenic crops potential risk.We taken a field experiment by planting disease-resistant transgenic cotton 7p,28p(carry bean chitinase gene and tobacco glucanase binary vector)to study the influence of rhizosphere soil catalase activity,protease activity,cellulase activity,urease activity and saccharase activity.The result showed the planting of disease-resistant transgenic cotton had little effect on rhizosphere soil catalase,while these changed include the rhizosphere soil protease,cellulase,urease,invertase activity were closely related to genotype and growing stage.Preliminary inferred,transgenic disease-resistant cotton planting was relatively small on soil microecological impact.Thereby,our study would enrich the content of security assessment about disease-resistant transgenic cotton,but influence of microbial diversity remained to be studied for comprehensive evaluation.