辽河干流河岸带植物及微生物多样性研究

为明确辽河保护区河岸带生物多样性恢复现状以促进河岸带生态系统的健康管理,本研究通过植被现场调查和土壤微生物高通量测序分析,对辽河干流23个采样点的植物多样性和微生物多样性进行测定,结果表明:辽河干流23个采样点的植被Shannon-Weiner多样性指数平均为1.227,平均植被覆盖率达到74.19%;河岸带土壤微生物Shannon-Weiner多样性指数平均为9.55;其优势度大于1%的细菌属于11个门、32个纲、40个属;人类活动干扰、放牧情况以及土地利用类型是影响河岸带植物和微生物多样性的关键因子。目前辽河保护区河岸带生物多样性恢复状态较好,但日渐增多的人类活动对河岸带生物多样性的恢复产生不利影响,因此建议尽量减少封育区内的人类活动、放牧情况等,以加快辽河保护区河岸带植物及土壤微生物多样性的恢复进程。

Plant and microbial diversity in the riparian zone of the Liao River mainstream, China

To understand the current status of biodiversity restoration in the riparian zone of the Liao River reserve in China and to promote the healthy management of this ecosystem, the plant and microbial diversity of 23 sampling sites in the mainstream were determined through field investigations and high-throughput sequencing of soil microorganisms. The results showed that the average Shannon-Weiner diversity index of the 23 sampling points was 1.227, with an average vegetation cover of 74.19%. The Shannon-Weiner diversity index of soil microorganisms in the riparian zone was 9.55, and there were 11 phyla, 32 classes, and 40 genera of bacteria whose dominance was more than 1%. Disturbance from human activities, grazing conditions, and land-use types were the key factors affecting the plant and microbial diversity in the riparian zone. At present, the recovery of riparian biodiversity in the Liao River reserve is in a good state, but increases in human activities negatively affect biodiversity restoration. Therefore, the study recommend the reduction of human activities and grazing in the restricted area as much as possible, so as to accelerate the restoration of plant and soil microbial diversity in the riparian zone of the Liao River reserve.