佳乐麝香与镉污染对土壤微生物和酶活性的影响

为探究有机污染物与重金属复合污染对土壤中微生物的影响,以佳乐麝香(HHCB)和镉(Cd)为研究对象,研究HHCB与Cd污染对土壤中微生物数量和酶活性的影响。结果表明,HHCB单一及与Cd复合污染培养时间为1 d时,对细菌表现为抑制作用,培养时间为80 d时,表现为促进作用(100 mg·kg~(-1)HHCB的单一污染除外);对真菌生长均表现为促进作用,对放线菌生长均表现为抑制作用。细菌基因拷贝数随着HHCB浓度的升高而增加,而真菌基因拷贝数和放线菌基因拷贝数随着HHCB浓度的升高而降低。HHCB单一及与Cd复合污染对脲酶活性(1 d时)表现为抑制作用(800 mg·kg~(-1)HHCB的污染除外),对脲酶活性(80 d时)、酸性磷酸酶活性(1 d时)和蔗糖酶活性也均表现为抑制作用。培养时间为80 d时,400、800 mg·kg~(-1)HHCB的单一及与Cd复合污染对酸性磷酸酶活性表现为促进作用。

Joint effects of galaxolide and cadmium on the quantity of soil microorganisms and enzyme activities

To investigate the effect of organic and heavy metal pollution on microorganisms in soil, the effects of galaxolide(HHCB) and Cd pollution on the number and activity of microorganisms in soil were investigated. The results showed that HHCB alone and combined with Cd contamination showed inhibitory effects on bacteria at 1 d of incubation and promotional effects on bacteria(except during single contamination with 100 mg·kg^-1 HHCB) at 80 d of incubation, promotional effects on fungal growth, and inhibitory effects on Actinomycete growth. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene copy number increased with increasing HHCB concentration, whereas fungal 18S rRNA gene copy number and Actinomycete copy number decreased with increasing HHCB concentration. HHCB contamination alone and in combination with Cd showed an inhibitory effect on urease activity(1 d and 80 d) (except for contamination with 800 mg·kg^-1 HHCB), sucrase activity, and acid phosphatase activity(1 d). At 80 d of incubation, 400 mg·kg^-1 and 800 mg·kg^-1 HHCB alone and in combination with Cd showed a promotive effect on acid phosphatase activity.