| 不同养分管理措施下常年菜地磷、钾养分径流流失特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 李盟军,艾绍英,宁建凤,王荣辉,姚建武,余丹妮.不同养分管理措施下常年菜地磷、钾养分径流流失特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2019,36(1):33-42. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李盟军 艾绍英 宁建凤 王荣辉 姚建武 余丹妮 |
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| 作者单位： | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/广东省农业面源污染监测评估与防控工程技术研究中心, 广州 510640,广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/广东省农业面源污染监测评估与防控工程技术研究中心, 广州 510640,广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/广东省农业面源污染监测评估与防控工程技术研究中心, 广州 510640,广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/广东省农业面源污染监测评估与防控工程技术研究中心, 广州 510640,广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/广东省农业面源污染监测评估与防控工程技术研究中心, 广州 510640,广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/广东省农业面源污染监测评估与防控工程技术研究中心, 广州 510640 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省科技计划项目（2014B020206001，2016B020240009）；广东农业面源污染控制创新团队项目（2016B070701009） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究不同养分管理措施下菜地磷、钾养分径流流失特征，采用田间小区试验方法，设置对照（CK）和有机肥配施不同用量化肥处理（N0，化肥氮空白；CON，习惯施肥；OPT，优化施肥；OPT+N，优化增氮；OPT+P，优化增磷；OPT+NPK，优化增氮磷钾）。结果表明，不同处理下可溶性总磷、颗粒态磷和总磷径流浓度分别为0.015~0.500、0.004~0.623 mg·L-1和0.093~0.876 mg·L-1，施磷明显增加径流水可溶性磷浓度，对总磷和颗粒态磷浓度影响较小。不同处理径流水总磷浓度均不同程度超地表水Ⅴ类标准（GB3838-2002），且施磷量最高的OPT+NPK处理总磷超标率高达56%。总磷年流失负荷为4.37~4.93 kg·hm-2，施肥处理磷流失负荷均低于对照，不同处理间总磷流失负荷无明显差异。不同处理的钾径流浓度为4.7~83.0 mg·L-1，年流失负荷为176.9~331.7 kg·hm-2，流失系数为4.5%~15.7%。施钾显著增加菜地钾的流失负荷，施钾量最高的OPT+NPK处理钾流失负荷最高，肥料N/K2O比例最高的OPT+N处理钾流失负荷最低。研究表明，不同养分管理措施下菜地磷径流损失无明显变化，而OPT+N处理钾流失负荷及流失系数均最低，蔬菜实际生产中氮、钾合理配施有利于降低钾的流失。
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| 关 键 词： | 常年菜地，珠三角，磷流失，钾流失，养分管理 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/4/19 0:00:00 |
Runoff characteristics of phosphorus and potassium from a perennial vegetable field under different nutrition managements |
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| LI Meng-jun,AI Shao-ying,NING Jian-feng,WANG Rong-hui,YAO Jian-wu and YU Dan-ni.Runoff characteristics of phosphorus and potassium from a perennial vegetable field under different nutrition managements[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2019,36(1):33-42. |
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| Authors: | LI Meng-jun AI Shao-ying NING Jian-feng WANG Rong-hui YAO Jian-wu and YU Dan-ni |
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| Institution: | Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China and Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution, Guangzhou 510640, China |
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| Abstract: | |
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| Keywords: | perennial vegetable field Pearl River Delta phosphorus runoff loss potassium runoff loss nutritional managements |
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