免耕稻田田面水磷素动态及其淋溶损失

以免耕和翻耕稻田为研究对象,通过大田试验与室内分析,研究了不同耕作方式下稻田田面水和渗漏水的淋溶损失及其对环境的影响。试验共设4个处理,分别是免耕+不施肥(NT0)、翻耕+不施肥(CT0)、免耕+复合肥(NTC)和翻耕+复合肥(CTC)。结果表明,施磷肥显著提高稻田田面水以及渗漏水各形态磷浓度。施磷肥2d后田面水总磷(TP)浓度、颗粒态磷(PP)浓度和溶解磷(DP)浓度即达到最大值,此后由于水中颗粒或表土对田面水磷素的固定,磷素的淋失,水稻生长吸收及前期的稻田排水和灌水稀释,1周后迅速降低并趋于稳定;渗漏水TP浓度和溶解磷(RP)浓度在施磷肥2d后达到最大值,渗漏水TP浓度在施肥后一个半月达到最低值,而渗漏水RP浓度在施肥4d后就降低到最低值。处理NTC田面水TP、DP与PP显著高于处理CTC,而处理NT0与处理CT0之间无差异;与翻耕相比,免耕不影响渗漏水TP与RP浓度及磷下渗淋失。对田面水磷素及渗漏水磷素变化动态分析表明,施磷肥后的1周左右是控制磷素流失的关键时期。

Floodwater Phosphorus Dynamics and Losses from No-tillage Rice Fields

Phosphorus(P)enhances eutrophication of fresh water bodies. This study was conducted to determine P dynamics of floodwater and percolation water, and to assess P losses through leaching and its environmental impact in different rice tillage fields during the rice growing season of 2008. The four treatments conducted in this study were no-tillage + no fertilizer(NT0), conventional tillage + no fertilize(rCT0); no-tillage + compound fertilize(rNTC)and conventional tillage + compound fertilizer(CTC). The resul...