嗜盐菌强化石油污染土壤生物修复的可行性研究

被石油污染的土壤通常所含石油烃成分复杂并且盐碱化、板结化,其有效治理是目前亟待解决的重要课题。油田污染物通常具有石油含量高、成分复杂、矿化度高、可生化性差的特点,给微生物处理法带来一定难度,其关键是选用高效石油烃降解菌。嗜盐菌独特的细胞结构及嗜盐特性使其在油田污染治理中具有极大的潜在应用价值,为此综述了油田土壤污染的特点及其对土壤微生物的影响,嗜盐菌的特点、分类、嗜盐机制及其在石油污染治理中的应用,论证嗜盐菌在石油污染土壤修复中的可行性,指出了目前存在的问题和今后的发展方向。

Feasibility of Bioremediation for Contaminated Soil by Halophilic Bacteria

Oil-polluting soil usually contains various petrolic hydrocarbons,and is characterized by alkalization,salinization and compaction.Therefore,it is a vital to restore the oil-polluting soil effectively as soon as possible.As the contaminants in the polluted soil consist of oil level,complex components,high salinity,therefore,it is very difficult to make the soil bio-treated.However,hydrocarbon degradation bacteria(HDB)are likely a key tool to solve this problem.The unique cellularity and halophilic characteristics of halophilic bacteria make them have huge potential of treating the oil-contaminated soil.This review paper summarizes the characteristic of oil-polluting soil and its influence on microbial community,as well as halophilic bacteria's characteristics,classification,halophilic mechanism and application in oil degradation,demonstrated that there is a feasibility of using halophilic bacteria to bioremediate oil-contaminating soil,providing the current existing problems and the development aspect for the future in the studied topic.