竹炭包膜对肥料氮淋溶和有效性的影响

以普通化肥、竹炭包膜肥和矿物包膜肥等自制缓释肥作为供试肥料,采用土壤淋溶和室内盆栽的方法,研究了竹炭包膜对氮素淋溶损失和对肥料氮素利用率的影响。结果表明,尿素施加到土壤中后淋失比较严重,矿物包膜、竹炭包膜、塑料包膜、复合肥包膜I以及复合肥包膜Ⅱ的N淋失率均低于尿素(P<0.1),其中塑料包膜肥、竹炭包膜和复合肥包膜Ⅱ的淋失率极显著低于尿素对照(P<0.01)。在盆栽情况下,经过竹炭等包膜材料包膜处理后的尿素,其氮素利用率可提高10%￣25%。

Influence of Bamboo-Charcoal Coating on N Leaching and Effectiveness of Fertilizers

Chemical fertilizers were firstly coated with resin containing bamboo charcoal or mineral,and then their slow-release character and effectiveness were tested and determined through leaching and pot culture experiments.The results indicated that urea could be quickly leached and the accumulative leaching rate of the total nitrogen for urea was higher than either that of the coated fertilizers(P<0.1),or that of others,including the fertilizer coated by resin containing the bamboo-charcoal,coated fertilizer and the coated complex fertilizer II.The latest had a very lower leaching rate than urea(P<0.01).The pot culture growing maize showed that the N utilizing rate could be increased by 10%~25% when urea was coated with bamboo charcoal in our test.