合肥地区油菜田杂草种群分布及生态位特征的初步研究

运用七级目测法对合肥地区三县(肥东县、肥西县、长丰县)的油菜田样点进行了深入的调查,根据相对盖度、相对高度、相对多度等计测重要值、生态位宽度、生态相似系数,结果表明:合肥地区油菜田常见杂草有31种,隶属18个科,生态位宽度前10位的杂草分别是野老鹳草、日本看麦娘、粘毛卷耳、猪殃殃、一年蓬、看麦娘、酸膜叶蓼、罔草、大巢菜、抱茎苦苣菜.各样点间的相似系数较高,由于各杂草间普遍存在生态位的重叠,群落组成的稳定性是相对的.

Study on Distribution and Niche of Weeds in Rape Fields in Hefei City

In the rape fields in Hefei(Fei Dong County,Fei Xi County,Chang Feng County) 90 random samplings fields were surveyed in detail with 7 scales by visualization of weed dominance to dry crop.The weed important value were obtained in terms of the Relative coverage,Relative height and Abundance of weeds.And the species nizhe breadth.The results showed that 31 common weed species belonging to 18 families were found in the crop in Hefei.and these weeds include Geranium carolinianum,Alopecurus japonicus,Cerastium viscosum L.,Galium aparine,Erlgeron annuus,Alopecurus aequalis Sobol,Beckmannia syzigachne Vicia sativa L.,Sonchuso1e raceus L are the first ten weeds having the bigger niche breadth than any other,they were considered as malignant weeds.The Coefficient of community similarity between Rape fields is higher and niche-overlaps were exist among weeds.so,the stability of weeds population is relative.