3代新烟碱类杀虫剂对小麦蚜虫的防治效果比较

为了科学、有效地使用新烟碱类杀虫剂防治小麦蚜虫,2014—2015年对具代表性的3代新烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉、噻虫嗪和呋虫胺进行了田间药效试验。结果表明:吡虫啉和噻虫嗪21 g/hm~2喷雾,药后1 d防治效果在80%以上;药后3~10 d防治效果超过95%,与菊酯类农药高效氯氟氰菊酯7.5 g/hm~2、有机磷农药乐果202.5 g/hm~2效果相当;第3代新烟碱类杀虫剂呋虫胺60~120 g/hm~2喷雾,药后1 d和药后3~10 d的防治效果分别为37.68%~54.83%和62.74%~83.31%,显著低于高效氯氟氰菊酯、乐果以及吡虫啉和噻虫嗪的防治效果。建议在小麦生产中,根据麦蚜的发生程度和种群密度选择不同结构的新烟碱类杀虫剂防治小麦蚜虫,综合考虑防效、成本和用量,达到农药减量与确保防效并举的效果。

Control Effect of Three-generation Neonicotinoid Insecticides on Wheat Aphids in Field

In order to scientifically and effectively use the neonicotinoid insecticides to control wheat aphids,field spraying tests of imidacloprid,thiamethoxam and dinotefuran were conducted for representative 3-generation neonicotinoid insecticides in 2014-2015.The results showed that the control effects of 70％ imidacloprid WG and 25％ thiamethoxam WG sprayed at 21 g/ha were more than 80％ 1 day after treatment;the control effect reached more than 95％ 3-10 days after treatment,with no significant difference from that of 25 g/L lambda-cyhalothrin EC at 7.5 g/ha and 40％ dimethoate EC at 202.5 g/ha.When the third generation neonicotinoid insecticide 20％ dinotefuran SG was applied at 60-120 g/ha,1 day and 3-10 days after treatment,the control effects were 37.68％-54.83％ and 62.74％-83.31％,respectively,significantly lower than that of 25 g/L lambda-cyhalothrin EC at 7.5 g/ha,40％ dimethoate EC at 202.5 g/ha,70％ imidacloprid WG and 25％ thiamethoxam WG at 21 g/ha.These results suggested that different neonicotinoid insecticides should be recommended for controlling wheat aphids according to the degree of occurrence and the population density.Comprehensive consideration of control effect,cost and usage will reduce the usage of insecticide,and also ensure the effect in wheat plantation.