夜间增温对小麦-土壤系统影响的研究进展

目前,我国粮食生产正遭受以非对称性增温为特征的气候变暖影响,以春冬季和夜间升温明显为特征的非对称性增温过程与我国主要粮食作物小麦的生育期基本重叠,因此,亟须明确夜间增温对小麦优质高产的影响,为准确判断和预测全球气候变暖背景下农田生态系统对夜间增温的响应程度与趋势以及制定对策提供科学依据。综述了夜间增温对小麦物候期、农艺性状、产量、品质及土壤微生物、养分含量、呼吸等方面的影响,并对夜间增温对小麦-土壤系统影响的未来研究方向进行展望,以期为气候变暖背景下小麦安全生产研究方向的确立及粮食安全生产措施的制定提供理论依据。

Advance in Effects of Nighttime Warming on Wheat-Soil Ecosystem

Currently asymmetric warming affected the grain production in China.The asymmetric warming exhibited relatively more increase at night and in spring and winter seasons,and this course of asymmetric warming basically overlapped with the growth period of wheat.Therefore,it was very urgent to understand the effect of nighttime warming on good quality and high yield of wheat grain,so as to provide scientific basis for accurately judging and predicting the response degree of agro-ecosystem to nighttime warming and further making countermeasures under global climate warming condition.This paper summarized the effects of nighttime warming on the growth phenology,agronomic characters,yield and grain quality of wheat,soil microorganism,nutrient content,and soil respiration,etc,and the future research directions about the effects of nighttime warming on wheat-soil ecosystem were also discussed,so as to provide theoretical basis for both establishing research direction in the safe wheat production and making safe measures in food production under climate warming condition.