河南省北部夜间空中昆虫群落的初步研究

2011年4月底至8月,使用探照灯诱虫器对河南省北部的夜间空中昆虫群落进行了调查。结果表明,河南北部夜间空中昆虫群落由12目47科100多种昆虫组成,其中害虫的种类占了86.43%。空中昆虫群落的丰富度和昆虫的种类随季节变化不大,数量随季节有明显变化,其中6月份昆虫数量明显高于其他4个月份。采用Berger-Parker优势度指数进行分析发现,棉铃虫、赤角盲蝽、小地老虎和大黑鳃金龟是空中昆虫群落的主要害虫优势种,优势度指数最高分别为0.575 2、0.137 8、0.108 0、0.136 1,其中棉铃虫是整个生长季节的优势种。食蚜蝇、中华草蛉、东亚小花蝽和大草蛉是空中昆虫群落的主要天敌优势种,优势度指数最高分别为0.714 3、0.626 1、0.219 3、0.467 5。研究初步明确了河南省北部夜间空中昆虫群落的演替及不同时期的优势种群,为针对性控制害虫危害奠定基础。

Preliminary Investigation of Nocturnal Aerial Insect Community in Northern Henan Province

The nocturnal aerial insect community was investigated with a searchlight trap from late April to August,2011 in northern Henan province.The result showed that it was comprised of more than 100 species belonging to 47 families in 12 orders,in which 86.43% were insect pests.The species richness and the species composition of this community did not vary significantly through the seasons,but the quantity of insects varied obviously,with a greater number in June than in other four months.Analyzed by Berger-Parker dominance index,Helicoverpa armigera Hubner,Trigonotylus coelestialium Kirkaldy,Agrotis ypsilon Rottemberg and Hloltrichia diomphalia Batesa were dominant pest species in the nocturnal aerial insect community,of which the highest dominance indexes were 0.575 2,0.137 8,0.108 0 and 0.136 1,respectively.Among them,H.armigera was the most dominant species through the whole growth seasons.Syrphidae insects,Chrysopa sinica Tjeder,Orius sauteri Poppius and Chrysopa pallens Rambur were dominant species of natural enemies,and their dominance indexes were up to 0.714 3,0.626 1,0.219 3 and 0.467 5,respectively.Succession of insect community and dominant population at different period of growth seasons were determined preliminarily in this study,which laid a foundation for the specific control of pests.