21种植物花提取物抑菌活性的筛选研究

以20种植物花丙酮提取物为材料,测定了其对几种病菌的生物活性。结果表明:在供试质量浓度为0.05g/ml时,一年蓬、商陆和广玉兰提取物对5种供试菌中的4种菌的菌丝生长抑制率均在60%以上,其中,商陆和广玉兰提取物分别对油菜菌核病菌、小麦纹枯病菌的抑制率为100%;樟树、侧柏、夹竹桃和石榴提取物对菌丝生长抑制活性次之,对5种供试菌中的2种抑制率均在60%以上。在供试质量浓度为0.1g/ml时,广玉兰和华山矾提取物能强烈抑制棉花枯萎病菌的孢子萌发,其抑制率均为100%;一年蓬和金樱子提取物对棉花枯萎病菌的孢子萌发抑制作用显著,抑制率均在90%以上。一年蓬和广玉兰作为植物源杀菌剂值得进一步研究。

Studioes on Screening of 21 Kinds of Plant Flower Extracts for Antifungal Activity

The effects of 20 kinds of Plant flower actone extracts on hypae growth and spore germination were evaluated and measured. All tested Plant flower extracts have inhibiting effects the concentration of 0.05 g/ml. The extracts of Erigeron annuus, Magnolia grandiflora and Phytolacca acinosa have more than 60% inhibiting rates on 4 kinds of fungi, furthermore, the Phytolacca acinosa extract can completely stopped the growth of mycelia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and the Magnolia grandiflora extract can completely stopped the growth of mycelia of Rhizoctonia cerealis also. The extracts of Cinnamomum camphora, Thuja orientalis, Nerium indicum and Punica granatum also showed good antifungal properties, with more than 60% inhibiting rates on 2 kinds of fungi. The extracts of Magnolia grandiflora and Symplocos chinensis can completely stopped the sporangia germination of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum at the concentration of 0.1 g/ml. The extracts of Erigeron annuus and Magnolia grandiflora also showed good antifungal properties,with more than 90% inhibiting rates. As bio-fungicides, further research are needed for Erigeron annuus and Magnolia grandiflora.