豫东潮土区夏大豆发生荚而不实与硼素营养效应研究

研究结果表明,豫东平原夏大豆发生荚而不实与土壤缺硼有关。土壤有效硼含量与大豆单株空荚率呈显著负相关,r=-0.4628*;大豆籽粒含硼量与单株空荚率呈极显著负相关,r=-0.7597**;土壤有效硼含量与籽粒含硼量呈极显著正相关,r=0.8295**。土壤有效硼含量0.5mg/kg为夏大豆发生荚而不实的临界指标。夏大豆施用硼肥能显著减少荚而不实的发生,单株粒数、百粒重、单株粒重等产量性状也得以改善。用硼肥拌种、作基肥和花期喷施分别使大豆单株空荚率下降10.2,6.2和7.2个百分点,分别增产19.0%,10.7%和23.4%。在2 700 kg/hm2的产量水平下,适宜的N、P2O5、K2O和硼砂的施用量分别是75,150,127.5和7.5 kg/hm2,相应的施肥配比为1∶2∶1.7∶0.1。

Study on the Pods without Peas in Summer Soybean and Nourishment Effect of Boron in the Eastern Henan Chao Soil Area

The pods without peas of summer soybean in Yudong plain was related to the boron lacking in the soil.There was an obvious negatively correlation between the available boron content in soil and the rate of seedless pods per plant(r=-0.4628~*),there was an significantly negative correlation between the boron content of the seeds and the rate of individual seedless pods(r=-0.7597~**),while the relationship between the available boron in soil content and the boron content of the seeds was contrary(r=0.8295~**).The 0.5mg/kg of available boron content in soil was critical content for the pods without peas.Boron fertilizer dressed seeds,as basal fertilizer or foliage dressing at blooming reduced the rate of seedless pops by 10.2%,6.2% and 7.2% respectively and the yield increased by 19.0%,10.7% and 23.4%,respectively.For 2 700kg/ha target yield,suitable usage of N,P_2O_5,K_2O and Borax were 75,150,127.5 and 7.5 kg/ha,respectively.