曼陀罗植株提取物除草活性初步研究

以小麦、高粱、油菜、黄瓜为受体植物,采用培养皿滤纸法测定了曼陀罗植物不同组织、不同溶剂提取物的除草活性。结果表明,曼陀罗的不同组织粉末在100mg/mL的添加浓度下对各受体植物幼苗生长具有不同程度的抑制作用。其中花的抑制活性最强,特别是对油菜、黄瓜的幼根和幼茎生长抑制率均在96%以上,种子、叶的抑制活性次之,根和茎的抑制活性最弱。曼陀罗叶、花和种子的乙酸乙酯提取物的抑制活性最强,其次是甲醇提取物和蒸馏水提取物,石油醚提取物的活性最弱。曼陀罗提取物对受体植物幼根的抑制效果高于对幼芽的抑制效果。

Study on the Herbicidal Activity of Datura stramonium L.

The herbicidal activities of different solvent extracts from the organs of Datura stramonium L.were assayed against seedlings of Triticum aestivum,Sorghum vulgare,Brassica campestris and Cucumis sativus.The results showed that the growth of treated seedlings were inhibited by the extracts from different organs of D.stramonium at the concentration of 100 mg/mL.In addition,the inhibition rates were 96% higher than that of other extracts against the roots and stems of B.campestris and C.sativus.The herbicidal activities of ethylacetate extract of D.stramonium were higher than that of other extracts.The inhibition effects of all the extracts were higher than that of the stems on the roots of receiver plants.