应用微卫星标记分析长江流域长吻鮠4个群体的遗传多样性

为了对长江中长吻鮠的遗传多样性和遗传结构进行深入的分析,同时为长江三峡大坝建成后鱼类资源保护提供有效的遗传背景资料,选用8对长吻鮠微卫星引物对长江上游及长江中下游的长吻鮠4个群体进行遗传多样性分析。8对长吻鮠微卫星引物在长吻鮠4个群体共86个样本中扩增出清晰稳定的条带,且个体间表现出不同程度的多态性;长吻鮠4个群体(重庆、石首、武汉、九江)的平均等位基因数分别为7.3、5.6、4.8、3.3,观测杂合度分别为0.732、0.312、0.681、0.877。同时基于遗传距离所进行的聚类分析显示:长江中下游的石首、武汉和九江群体关系较近,而长江上游的重庆群体与中下游的3个群体关系较远。综合来看,长江水系中长吻鮠群体的遗传多样性较贫乏。

Preliminary Analysis on the Genetic Diversity in Four Populations of Leiocassis longirostris by Using Microsatellite Markers

The research aimed to understand genetic diversity and genetic structure of Leiocassis longirostris and to provide effectively genetic background after the finishing of three gorges dam.Genetic diversity and genetic variation in four populations of Leiocassis longirostris distributed in the upper and mid-lower Yangtze River were analyzed by eight microsatellite markers.The results indicated that mean number of alleles in four populations(Chongqing,Shishou,Wuhan,Jiujiang) was 7.3,5.6,4.8 and 3.3 respectively.Mean observed heterozygosity(Ho) was 0.732,0.312,0.681 and 0.877 respectively.There was poorly genetic diversity in the four populations of Leiocassis longirostris distributed in Yangtze River system.The genetic distance among Shishou,Wuhan and Jiujiang was more closely than that between them and Chongqing.The genetic diversity is low in four populations of Leiocassis longirostris from Yangtze River.