2009-2011年河南省小麦叶锈菌毒性结构分析

采用16个固定鉴别寄主和21个辅助鉴别寄主,在小麦苗期对2009-2011年采自河南省6个地区184个单孢子堆上纯化分离的小麦叶锈菌菌株进行致病性鉴定及毒性基因频率分析。结果显示:2009-2011年河南省主要优势致病类型为THTS、THTT、THKS、PHKT、PHTT、THPS、PHKS、PHSS、THFS、THPN和THSS,出现总频率为52.13%。毒性基因V1、V2c、V3、V16、V26、Vb、V25和V37的平均毒性频率超过95%,说明其对应的小麦抗叶锈病基因在河南省几乎完全丧失了抗性;毒性基因V9、V24、V19、V38和V47的平均毒性频率低于4%,说明其对应的抗病基因为目前河南省小麦叶锈菌有效抗病基因,尤其毒性基因V24的毒性频率为0,表明目前河南省无对其表现出毒力的小麦叶锈菌小种。另外,毒性基因V11、V15、V17、V30、V10、V14a、V23、V29、V18、V21、V32、V33+34、V36和V39等的毒性频率在2009-2011年际间差异较大。

Analysis of Virulence Patterns of Puccinia triticina in Henan Province in 2009-2011

Total 184 single uredinial isolates of Puccinia triticina collected from Henan province were tested during 2009-2011 by using wheat cultivars with known leaf rust resistance genes(Lr).The most common pathotypes were THTS,THTT,THKS,PHKT,PHTT,THPS,PHKS,PHSS,THFS,THPN and THSS,with total occurrence frequency of 52.13%.The average virulence frequencies of V1,V2c,V3,V16,V26,Vb,V25 and V37 were all above 95%,indicating that the corresponding resistance genes lost their resistance to these P.triticina isolates.The average virulence frequencies of V9,V24,V19,V38 and V47 were all lower than 4%,meaning that their corresponding resistance genes could be applied in wheat breeding program.The study also showed that the virulence frequencies of V11,V15,V17,V30,V10,V14a,V23,V29,V18,V21,V32,V33+34,V36 and V39 were variable from 2009 to 2011.