大豆微核心种质蛋白亚基含量变异的分析

大豆蛋白品质及其加工特性均受到各亚基相对含量及11S/7S的影响,了解大豆蛋白亚基相对含量变异将对选育蛋白专用型品种有重要的指导意义。于2008-2010年对236份大豆微核心种质材料的大豆蛋白亚基相对含量的变异情况进行了分析。结果表明:大豆微核心种质资源中蛋白各亚基相对含量有广泛的变异,有很好的遗传改良潜力,α′、α、β、A3、A1A2A4、B亚基的变异系数分别为0.410、0.330、0.311、0.211、0.123、0.170,11S/7S变异系数为0.400。不同生态区各亚基在相对含量和遗传变异程度上存在差异,总体来说,A1A2A4、B亚基相对含量和11S/7S在北方一熟制春作大豆品种生态区(Ⅰ区)比黄淮海二熟制春夏作(Ⅱ区)大,Ⅰ区分别为0.220、0.403、2.616,Ⅱ区分别为0.212、0.370、2.343。α′、α、β、A3亚基相对含量在Ⅱ区比Ⅰ区大,Ⅱ区分别为0.064、0.090、0.153、0.070,Ⅰ区分别为0.062、0.086、0.127、0.061。α′、β、A3、A1A2A4亚基相对含量的变异系数在Ⅰ区比Ⅱ区大,Ⅰ区分别为0.549、0.270、0.259、0.193,Ⅱ区分别为0.435、0.262、0.254、0.185。α、B亚基相对含量的变异系数和11S/7S的变异系数在Ⅰ区比Ⅱ区小,Ⅰ区分别为0.333、0.184、0.249,Ⅱ区分别为0.348、0.216、0.331。因此,在Ⅰ区α′、β、A3、A1A2A4亚基相对含量具有更高的遗传改良潜力,在Ⅱ区α、B亚基相对含量和11S/7S具有更高的遗传改良潜力。

Analysis of Protein Subunit Variation in the Mini Core Collection of Cultivated Soybean

Soybean protein subunits and 11S/7S ratio play an important role in the functionality of seed protein.The dissection of protein subunits will be helpful for the development of protein-specific soybean varieties.In this study,the variation of soybean subunits of the 236 soybean mini core collections was analyzed from 2008 to 2010.Results showed that the mini core collection had high genetic variation in the relative content of protein subunits,and had a potential of achieving genetic gains.The coefficients of variation(CV) of α′,α,β,A3,A1A2A4 and 11S/7S are 0.410,0.330,0.311,0.211,0.123,0.170 and 0.400 respectively.The relative content of subunits and its variance degree were different among different ecological regions,as well as variance characteristic and direction.Overall,the relative contents of A1A2A4,B and 11S/7S in Northern Eco-Region(in abbreviation,ⅠG.max)(0.220,0.403,2.616) were higher than those in Huanghuaihai Eco-Region(ⅡG.max)(0.212,0.370,2.343).The degree of variance of α′,β,A3 and A1A2A4 in ⅠG.max(0.549,0.270,0.259,0.193) were higher than those in ⅡG.max(0.435,0.262,0.254,0.185).And α,B and 11S/7S in ⅠG.max(0.333,0.184,0.249) were lower than those in ⅡG.max(0.348,0.216,0.331).In summary,as for ⅠG.max,the relative contents of α′,β,A3 and A1A2A4 have much more potential of achieving genetic gains,as well as the relative contents of α and B and 11S/7S in ⅡG.max.